Transcript Kingdom Animalia

Multicellular,
Eukaryotic,
Heterotrophic
Invertebrates-No
backbone
Vertebrates- Backbones
1.
2.
3.
4.
Spherical (ball)
Radial (like spokes on a
wheel)
Bilateral (1/2 animal mirror
image of the other)
Asymmetry (no symetry)
Anterior-Head
Posterior-Tail
Dorsal-top/back
surface
Ventral-bottom/stomach
surface
 Phylum
Porifera-(pore bearing)
 Sponges
 Asymmetrical
 Simplest invertebrate
 Live in water attached to rocks, plants or other
marine animals
 Filter feeders
 Large central opening with hundreds of pores in
body wall
 Cells lining cavity remove and digest food and
waste exits through the central opening
 Phylum
Cnidaria
 Ex.-Hydra, Jellyfish, Coral, Sea Anemone
 Marine
 Tissue Organization
 Radial Symmetry
 Tentacles that have cnidoblasts that aid in defense
and trapping food
 Digestion in central body cavity which produces
enzymes and broken down materials diffuse into
cells
 Loose network of nerve cells coordinate activity
 Polyp-vase-like and medussa-umbrella
 Phylum
Platyhelminthes-flatworms
 Example –Planaria, tapeworms, flukes
 Bilateral Symetry
 Cephalization-one end functions as a head
containing nerve cells that sense light, chemicals
and pressure
 True organs
 Digestive system-muscular tube with one opening
 Excretory-water collecting tubules that empty into
sacs that lead to the exterior
 Movement by contraction of muscles coordinated
by nervous system
 Hemaphrodites
Phylum
Nematoda
Roundworms, hookworms,
trichinosis, elephantiasis
Bilateral Symmetry
Cephalization
Digestive system open at mouth and
anus
 Phylum
Annelida-segmented worms
 Earthworms and leeches
 Bilateral symmetry, cephalization
 Body cavity coelom housing reproductive and
digestive organs which do not touch the body wall
 Nephridia in most segment remove water and
waste (beginning of kidney)
 Water and gases diffuse easily through the skin
 5 aortic arches-beginning of the heart
 Hermaphrodites
 Setae-bristles that help anchor them to sediments
 Move by muscles contracting and relaxing
 Eat organic material in soil
 Clitellum (swollen segment) aids in reproduction
 Phylum
Mollusca-soft body
 Water-some secrete shell
 Foot for gripping and creeping over surfaces
 Mouth, brain-like organ
 Mantle-thick fold of tissue that covers internal
organs
 Gills and a heart
 Bilateral symmetry
 Gastropods-snails and slugs, one shell
 Bivalves-two shells osyters,clams
 Cephalopod-head foot-squid and octopus, internal
shell
Phylum
 Largest
Arthropoda (jointed leg)
phylum- mostly insects
 Jointed legs, body segments, exoskeleton
 Insect- 3 body segments, 6 legs
 Arachnids-2 body segments, 8 legs
 Crustaceans-crabs, shrimp,lobster
 Centipedes and millipedes
Complete
Metamorphosis- egglarvae(worm-like does not resemble
adult-eats a lot)pupa stage(wraps in
cocoon and drastic body changes
occur)adult. Ex butterfly
Incomplete Metamorphosis-eggnymph (looks like adult but does not
have wings and can not reproduce)
and adult. Ex grasshopper
Social
insects-live in groups and have a
division of labor
Queen produces eggs to maintain colony
Drones mate with queen
Workers-daughters of the queen which
take care of eggs and larvae and
maintain hive and find food
Communication-insects communicate
using pheromones, visual signals, and
motion
Protection-foul odors, stingers, mimicry,
camouflage
 Phylum
Echinodermata-spiny skin
 Starfish, sea cucumber, brittle star, sea
bisquit, sea urchin
 Internal skeleton endoskeleton
 Skin helps to protect from predators
 Marine
 Bilateral symmetry
Phylum Chordata-have notochord-stiff flexible
rod of tissue that runs the length of the body
 Hollow nerve cord-spinal cord that is just above
notochord
 Fish
 Bilateral symetry
 Ectothermic-cold-blooded
 2chamber heart
 Sharks and rays-cartilage skeletonChondrichthyes
 Most other fish bones-Osteichthyes
 Gills to filter oxygen out of water
 Spawn- external fertilization and development

 Amphibians(double
life)
 Frogs, toads, salamanders
 Bilateral symmetry
 3 chamber heart
 Tadpoles breathe through gills, frogs breathe
through lungs, mouth, and thin skin (must stay
moist)
 Must lay eggs in water-external fertilization and
development and metamorphosis to live on land
 Ectothermic
 Indicators of pollution because of thin skin
 Crocodile,
alligator, lizard, turtle, dinosaur,
snake
 Bilateral symetry
 3 chamber heart
 Amniotic egg (egg with shell) that does not
dry out and allows animals to move onto land
 Internal fertilization, external development
 ectothermic
 Aves-birds
 Bilateral
symmetry
 Endothermic
 4 chamber heart
 Feathers
 Bones filled with air spaces so lightweight
 Migrate to find food, warmer climate, breed
 Use landmarks, wind currents, sun and stars
to help them in migration
 Mammals
 Bilateral
symmetry
 Endothermic
 Four chamber heart
 Mammary glands, body hair, birth live young
And give extended care to young teaching
survival skills
3types
1. Monotremes-lay eggs (duck-billed platypus
and spiny anteater)
Marsupials- pouched mammals kangaroos
give birth to immature young that finish
developing in pouch
3. Placentals-give birth to young that develop in
mother’s uterus (95% of mammals)
placenta provides food and oxygen to baby
and excretes baby waste to mother
Cetaceans-mammals that live in the sea (whale,
dolphin)
2.