Transcript Psychological Therapies

Psychological Therapies
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cjVQ36NhbMk&ob=av2e
http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/individual-therapy.html
Philippe Pinel
• French doctor who was
the first to take the
chains off and declare
that these people are
sick and “a cure must be
found!!!”
• Dorethea Dix- American
reformer!
Psychotherapy
http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/individual-therapy.html
• An interaction between a trained
therapist and someone suffering from
psychological difficulties.
Psychoanalytic Therapy
who?
• Psychoanalysis
(childhood
experiences….
hypnosis , free
association, dream
interpretation
).http://www.youtube.co
m/watch?v=lig53eW2ptg
• Unconscious
• Transference
• Catharsis
•
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lx0z9FjxP-Y
Transference
• In psychoanalysis, the patient’s transfer to
the analyst of emotions linked with other
relationships.
• Example:
•
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uZq_U2hbnvs
How effect is Psychotherapy?
• Eysenck’s challenge in 1950’s
• Meta-analysis’ ( statistically combining
the results of many different studies)
advent
Humanistic Therapy
• Client-Centered Therapy
by Carl Rogers
• These are non-directive
therapies and use active
listening.
• Self-actualization, freewill and unconditional
positive regard.
• Gestalt Therapy by Fritz
Perls encourage clients to
get in touch with whole
self.
Most widely used Humanistic technique is:
Client (Person) Centered Therapy
• Developed by Carl Rogers
•Therapist should
use genuineness,
acceptance and
empathy to show
unconditional
positive regard
towards their
clients.
Active Listening
• Central to Roger’s client-centered
therapy
•Empathetic listening where the
listener echoes, restates and clarifies.
Behavioral Therapies
Counterconditioning
• Classical Conditioning
1. Aversive Conditioning
2. Systematic
desensitization
3. Flooding
Operant Conditioning
• Token Economy
Behavior Therapies
• Therapy that applies learning
principles to the elimination of
unwanted behaviors.
•The behaviors are the problems- so
we must change the behaviors.
Classical Conditioning Techniques
Counterconditioning:
• A behavioral therapy that conditions
new responses to stimuli that trigger
unwanted behaviors.
Two Types:
Systematic Desensitization
• A type of counterconditioning that
associates a pleasant relaxed state with
gradually increasing anxiety-triggering
stimuli.
How would I use
systematic
desensitization to
reduce my fear of old
dentists?
ANXIETY HIERARCHY USED IN SYSTEMATC
DESENSITIZATION
Behavior Therapy
 Systematic Desensitization
Flooding
Virtual Technology Exposure
Therapy
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lRj6omhHzXY&feature=related
Aversive Conditioning
Aversive Conditioning
What are some ways you
can change the behaviors
of your friends with
aversive conditioning who
bite their fingernails?
Aversive Conditioning
• A type of counterconditioning that
associates an unpleasant state with an
unwanted behavior.
How would putting poop on the fingernails
of a nail biter effect their behavior?
Operant Conditioning
Token Economy: an operant conditioning
procedure that rewards a desired
behavior.
A patient exchanges a token of some sort,
earned for exhibiting the desired behavior,
for various privileges or treats.
Cognitive Therapy
• Change the way we
think(change our
schemas)
• Aaron Beck
• Albert Ellis and
Rational Emotive
Therapy
Cognitive Therapy
Cognitive Therapy
• Cognitive
Therapists try to
teach people new,
more
constructive ways
of thinking.
Is .300 a good or bad
batting average?
Cognitive Therapies
Cognitive Therapies
Cognitive Therapies
Cognitive Therapies
Cognitive Therapies
Cognitive Therapies
Aaron Beck and his view of
Depression
• Noticed that
depressed people were
similar in the way they
viewed the world.
• Used cognitive therapy
get people to take off
the “dark sunglasses” in
which they view their
surroundings
Cognitive TherapyDoes It Work?
Group Therapy
Eclectic Approach
• The most popular form of therapy- it is
basically a smorgasbord where the
therapist combines techniques from
different schools of psychology.
Comparison of Psychotherapies
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4uA0DHzoPpY
Comparison of Psychotherapies
Comparison of Psychotherapies
Comparison of Psychotherapies
Comparison of Psychotherapies
Comparison of Psychotherapies
Somatic Therapies
http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/psychiatric-drugs.html
(psychiatrist or clinical psychologist?)
Psychopharmacology
• Antipsychotics
(thorazine, haldol)
• Anti-anxiety (valium,
barbiturates, Xanax)
• Mood Disorders
(serotonin reuptake
inhibitors-SRI)
• Bipolar (lithium)
Psychopharmacology
• The study of the effects of drugs
on mind and behavior.
Antianxiety Drugs
• Includes drugs like Valium,Xanax
Librium.
•Like alcohol, they depress nervous
system activity.
•Most widely abused drugs.
Do they really solve the problem?
Lithium
chemical that provides an effective
drug therapy for the mood swings of
bipolar (manic-depressive) disorders
Antidepressant Drugs
• Lift you up out of
depression.
Most increase the neurotransmitter
norepinephrine and serotonin.
Prozac, Paxil, Zoloft
• Work by blocking serotonin reuptake.
http://youtu.be/twhvtzd6gXA
• http://youtu.be/twhvtzd6gXA
Somatic Therapy
http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/biological-therapy.html
• Electroconvulsive
Therapy (ECT)- for
depression.http://www.y
outube.com/watch?v=1J
G9eQsjaZY&feature=rel
ated
• Psychosurgury
lobotomy
SADD
light therapy
Drugs and Hospitalization
Deinstitutionalization
Treatment
Effectiveness
• http://educationportal.com/academy/lesson/treatmenteffectiveness.html
Types of Therapists
Types of Therapists
Types of Therapists
Types of Therapists
Types of Therapists