Transcript “WHO LET THE DOGS OUT??” Another Look at Another Look at

Another Look at Another Look at
PAVLOV’S DOGS
Tristram Jones, Ph.D.
PS 517 Unit II
Who is this PAVLOV dude
anyway?
 Simple, Comrades---Ivan Petrovich Pavlov was born on
September 14, 1849 at Ryazan, studied to become a priest
at the church school in Ryazan and then at the theological
seminary. Pavlov abandoned his religious career and
devoted his life to science. In 1870 he joined the physics
and mathematics faculty at the University of St.
Petersburg and studied natural science.
The concept for which Pavlov is famous
is the conditioned reflex. Pavlov won a
fellowship as Director of the
Physiological Laboratory at the clinic of
the famous Russian clinician, S. P.
Botkin, where he did the stuff with those
drooling doggies, circa 1900!
Who are PAVLOV’S DOGS?
 Besides being a cool Irish Rock Band, they
are the surgically altered animals upon
whom PAVLOV experimented with meat
powder, buzzers, bells, and yes, electricity!
PAVLOV’S KIDS???
 It is less widely known that Pavlov's
experiments on the conditional reflex
extended to children, some of whom
apparently underwent surgical procedures,
similar to the dogs, for the collection of
saliva.
So let’s get down to the nuts and
bolts of it! What is RESPONDENT
CONDITIONING?
 Also called classical
conditioning, and Pavlovian
conditioning, Respondent
conditioning is a process in
which a stimulus that was
previously neutral, as the
sound of a bell, comes to
evoke a particular response,
as salivation, by being
repeatedly paired with
another stimulus that
normally evokes the
response, as the taste of
food.
The BASIC language of
RESPONDENT conditioning:
 Unconditioned stimulus (US):
◦ natural stimulus producing response
 Unconditioned response (UR):
◦ unlearned response
 Conditioned stimulus (CS):
◦ originally neutral now elicits reflective response
 Conditioned response (CR):
◦ learned reflective response to conditioned
stimulus
One term at a time:
 UNCONDITIONED STIMULUS (U.S):
UNCONDITIONED RESPONSE (U.S):
NOBODY TAUGHT
ME TO DO THIS!
NEUTRAL STIMULUS (N.S.)
NEUTRAL
NEUTRAL STIMULUS BY ITSELF
PROVOKES NO RESPONSE!
I HEAR A BELL BUT
YOU WILL NOTICE
I’M NOT DROOLING!
COMBINING NEUTRAL AND
UNCONDITIONED STIMULI!
still
neutral
DROOLING
AGAIN!
NOW: Conditioned stimulus (CS):
(FORMERLY THE NEUTRAL STIMULUS)
NEUTRAL NO
MORE!
Conditioned
Response (CR):
I’M
DROOLING
AND I DON’T
KNOW WHY!
C.S.
HERE’S WHAT JUST HAPPENED:
So what are examples of
respondent conditioning?
 The way a particular fragrance takes you
right back to that special person, that
special night!
You become violently ill after
drinking a particular cocktail, and
can never think about that cocktail
again without feeling nauseated!
When you’re in the shower and you
here a toilet flush, you brace for the
cold water automatically!
SO WHY IS BOB SO UPSET?
Am Psychol. 1988 Mar;43(3):151-60.
Pavlovian conditioning. It's not what you think it is
 Because he is a
cognitive scientist, that’s
why!
 Behaviorism traditionally
denies cognition!
 Bandura changed our
thinking on this issue!
 But Pavlov and
Skinner didn’t change!
Bob says:
“Traditional descriptions of conditioning as the
acquired ability of one stimulus to evoke the
original response to another because of their
pairing are shown to be inadequate. They fail to
characterize adequately the circumstances
producing learning, the content of that learning,
or the manner in which that learning influences
performance.”
So what do you think, Class?
 Does RESPONDENT CONDITIONING elicit mindless
reactions by conditioning an organism through
stimuli?
 Or does it teach test subjects to react logically by
cognitive association?
DO YOU BELIVE IN
OR THOUGHTFUL ZOMBIES?
MINDLESS ZOMBIES?