Reconstructing Georgia
Download
Report
Transcript Reconstructing Georgia
Reconstructing Georgia
1865 - 1872
The
South was in ruins after
the Civil War. - Why?
The Southern States had to
meet requirements to reenter
the Union.
13th Amendment - Abolished
slavery
The Former Slaves had to
adjust to living as freeman.
Freedmen’s Bureau
Created in 1865 by the US Government
Provided food, clothes and supplies to
poor whites and free blacks and helped
blacks function as free persons and
protected rights
Main purpose was to provide education,
training, and social services for newly
freed slaves
They set up thousands of primary
schools, industrial or vocational schools,
and teacher training centers for African
Americans in the South
Black Codes
The passage of Black Codes restricted
the civil rights of freemen in Georgia
Put African Americans in prison if
they didn’t have a job
Black codes limited the political and
civil rights of former slaves, as well as
their ability to control their own labor
and jobs
Worked excessive hours, from sunrise
to sunset, six days per week
Could not testify in court against a
white person
Reconstruction Amendments
14th
Amendment – Granted
blacks citizenship and equal
protection under the law – was
passed in response to the black
codes which restricted the rights
of freedmen
15th
Amendment – Granted black
males the right to vote
What is Reconstruction?
The
unions attempt to: Rebuild
the South and restore them to
the Union
All southerners except for high
ranking Confederate officials
were pardoned & took an oath of
allegiance
When 10% of voters in each
state took the oath, the state
could form a government and
rejoin the Union
2 different views on Reconstruction
Lincoln’s
plan was to rebuild the
South and restore the southern
states to the Union As soon as
possible.
Congress wanted to punish the
South and monitor the treatment of
freedmen. Wanted to treat the
South like conquered provinces.
Presidential Reconstruction
Lincoln’s plan to reunite the south
Would name an acting governor
for each state
Southerners, except for
Confederate leaders would be
granted full citizenship rights
A new state constitution must
include: declaring seccession null
and void, abolishing slavery, and
canceling all war debts
Presidential Reconstruction
Andrew Johnson’s plan
Pardoned many Confederate leaders
Allowed ex-Confederates to control
their state government, their land,
and black people
furious with Johnson’s leadership, the
radical Republicans impeached him
(filing charges to remove from office),
however, he was saved from removal
Formal stages of Reconstruction
Presidential Reconstruction –
Abraham Lincoln & Andrew Johnson
attempted to quickly reunite the
country
Radical Reconstruction – Emphasized
civil rights & voting rights for the
Freedmen
Redemption – White supremacist
Southerners (redeemers) defeated
the republicans & took control of each
southern state. This marked the end
of Reconstruction
Henry McNeal Turner
He
was one of the first African
Americans elected to the Georgia
state senate.
He was expelled from office
because redeemers said that
while he had the right to vote he
did not have the right to hold
office.
Farming in the South
Most
Freedmen were forced to
work as sharecroppers or
laborers, for jobs were not all
open to them.
Sharecropper owned nothing but
their labor – rented land, tools,
farm animals, housing
Tenant farmers owned farm
animals and equipment to use in
working other people’s lands –
rented the land
ClassWork
Take
out your packet I gave you
Wednesday.
– Read and take notes from the KKK page
and the Changing in Farming page
– You have 10 minutes to complete this
activity
KU Klux Klan
Founded in 1866 in
Tennessee
Originally used to
restore southern
Democrats to
power
Attempted to
intimidate blacks
through
vigilantism
Reconstruction Revisited
U.S.
Congress did not believe that
Georgia was “adequately
reconstructed” because of the KKK
Georgia Act of 1869: Federal
Legislation returning Georgia to
military control because of KKK
terrorism against freedmen.
Republicans were the political party
most associated with Reconstruction
in Georgia
End of Reconstruction
Republican Governor Rufus Bullock
resigned
Radical Republicans lost interest in
helping southern blacks
Congress granted amnesty
(forgiveness) to nearly all
Confederates, allowing them to hold
public office
The Freedmen’s Bureau was abolished
White conservative Democrats called
Redeemers took full control of
Georgia’s government