Transcript fighting the civil war - Taylor County Schools

Social Study Survey
Research
and
explain the
caning of
Senator
Charles
Sumner
 Soldiers
and
Generals used
the Mexican War
(1846-1848) as a
training ground
for tactics and
strategies used
during the Civil
War
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oW
ww0YIf-JE
 Ted-Ed video (6 min)
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Abolitionist leader
(along with sons)
Goal- Wanted to
gather weapons to arm
the slaves, hoping it
would lead to slave
revolt in the South
Destination- Harper’s
Ferry, Virginia (federal
arsenal)
Result- Captured by US
Marines and executed
by hanging
"I, John Brown, am now quite certain that
the crimes of this guilty land will never be
purged away but with blood. I had, as I
now think, vainly flattered myself that
without very much bloodshed it might be
done.“
Do you believe that John Brown was a
martyr or a terrorist?
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Hundreds of military officers
resigned from the U.S. army to
fight for the South.
Robert E. Lee had been
offered a command of Union
troops, but turned it down to
fight with Virginia.
Most of the better generals
will lead armies for the
Confederacy
7 out of 8 military colleges
were in the South.
Strong military history and
tradition would favor the
Confederacy.
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¾ of the Navy’s officers
were from the North.
North’s population in 1860
was 22 million, the South’s
was 9 million.
90% of the nation’s factories
were in the North.
The South had ½ as many
miles of railroad track as the
North.
The North controlled the
national treasury and
continued to gain revenue
from tariffs.
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Legal Tender Act – created a
national currency and allowed
the government to issue paper
money – known as
greenbacks.
The South had smaller banks
and most planters were in
debt. They could raise money
from trade, but the Union Navy
blockaded southern ports.
South resorted to taxing its
citizens, but many refused to
pay. They printed
Confederate money, but this
caused high inflation and the
money became worthless.
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Research: Explain the amount of
Southern inflation during the War.
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Question: How much would it cost for
everyday items such as bread, meat,
etc?
States’
Rights
Preserve
the Union
Slavery
Geographic
Loyalty
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Lincoln had to deal with
political disagreement
within his own party
and the North.
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Lincoln’s goal to
preserve the union,
even if he had to leave
slavery alone, did not
satisfy abolitionists.
War Democrats – supported the
war to preserve the Union, but
opposed ending slavery.
 Peace Democrats became known
as Copperheads because
Republicans viewed them as
traitors. They opposed the war
and wanted to restore the union
through negotiations.
 Democrats and Republicans
disagreed over conscription – the
draft. Riots erupted in northern
cities.
 Criticism over Lincoln’s suspension
of writs of habeas corpus – the
right to be charged with a crime
or be released.
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The Civil War was the first
modern war – armies had
traditionally fought in long lines,
facing each other at close
range.
New weapons that were more
accurate at greater distances
changed the way armies
fought.
Armies were using trenches
and barricades for protection.
Combination of better
weapons and new strategies
led to mass casualties and the
need for many soldiers.
Jefferson Davis viewed the
South’s cause as being
similar to the war for
independence.
 The South was fighting a
defensive war and believed
that one dynamic victory
could determine the war.
 Many believed that military
traditions, hunting and rural
life made southerners better
fighters.
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The South tried to gain
support from Britain and
France. Both countries
utilized southern cotton
for their textile factories.
Confederate diplomats
aboard the British ship
Trent were taken into
custody and held for
several weeks. This
became known as the
“Trent Affair”.
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Anaconda Plan –
proposed by Winfield
Scott to slowly strangle
the South.
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The Union would
blockade Confederate
ports and send gunboats
down the Mississippi River
to divide the
Confederacy.
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Eventually, a war to
destroy the South’s armies
was the only way to win.