Transcript Chapter 2, Lesson 1 The Early Stages of the War

Chapter 2, Lesson 1
The Early Stages of the War
Mr. Julian’s 5th Grade Class
Essential Question
•How were the
strategies of the
North and South
different in the Civil
War?
Places
• Richmond, Virginia
• Manassas Junction, Virgina
People
• Winfield Scott
• Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson
• Robert E. Lee
Vocabulary
• Blockade
• Anaconda Plan
• First Battle of Bull Run
• Battle of Antietam
Advantages and Disadvantages
• Most Northerners believed that they
were fighting to preserve the Union.
• Most Southerners thought they were
fighting to save their way of life.
• Both sides felt that they were better
prepared to fight the war.
• The South felt that as hunters and
handling weapons would be the
advantage.
Advantages and Disadvantages
• The South had produced many great
military leaders.
• The North felt that their advantage was
being able to supply a large army.
• The North also had a better
transportation system in place to move
the supplies.
Strategies
• President Lincoln asked Winfield Scott
to develop a winning strategy for the
North.
• He helped win the war with Mexico.
• His plan had three parts:
• A blockade of the Atlantic and Gulf ports.
• Capture the area along the Mississippi
River.
• Attack the south from the east and west.
Strategies
• Scott’s plan was called the Anaconda
Plan because he said it would squeeze
the Confederacy.
• The South’s plan was a bit simpler;
defend their land until the North got
tired gave up.
• The South believed that the North had
nothing to fight for and would quickly
lose interest in the war.
Strategies
• The South also believed that Britain
would side with them in the war
because British clothing mills depended
on Sothern cotton.
Early Battles
• President Lincoln sent 35,000 troops to
invade Richmond, Virginia.
• On July 21, 1861 they met the
Confederates near the stream called
Bull Run, near the town of Manassas
Junction, Virginia.
• The First Battle of Bull Run was
confusing and was controlled by the
North.
Early Battles
• Some of the Confederate soldiers
began to turn and run but on general
from Virginia told them to hold their
place.
• Because this general and his men
stood “like a stone wall” Thomas
“Stonewall” Jackson got his nickname.
• More Confederate troops arrived and
the Union retreated.
Early Battles
• The First Battle of Bull Run cost the
North 3,000 lives and the South 2,000.
• The North had won a few battles but
the South was winning the war.
• “Stonewall” Jackson had defeated the
North in Virginia and many believed
that he was headed to Washington
D.C.
Early Battles
• On September 17, 1862 union and
Confederate forces met near the town
of Sharpsburg, Maryland, in the Battle
of Antietam.
• The battle was led by Confederate
General Robert E. Lee.
• The North won this important battle as
with the loss Great Britain ended its
support for the South.
Technology and War
• New technologies were used during the
Civil War.
• Soldiers used rifles that could shoot
farther and more accurately.
• Railroads quickly moved troops and
supplies to the battlefield.
• The South built submarines to
overcome the blockade.
• Both sides used hand grenades.
Technology and War
• Both sides made an ironclad ships, or
iron covered ships.
• The South’s was called the “Virginia”
and the North named theirs “Monitor.”
• The two fought each other with little
damage to either.
• Unfortunately, medical knowledge did
not make many advancement and may
soldiers died from disease and
infection.
Timeline
• April 19, 1861 - The Union began a
blockade of Southern ports.
• July 21, 1861 – Confederate forces
defeated Union troops in the First
Battle of Bull run in Manassas.
• September 17, 1862 – Union and
Confederate troops fought a bloody
battle at Antietam, an important Union
victory.
Review Question
• How did the strategies of the North and
south differ?