Transcript The War In The East: Chapter 16, Section 2



 The
Northern army was marching very slowly
towards Manassas, Virginia under Gen.
McDowell
 These troops ran into Gen. Beauregard’s
army and began an assault but Thomas
Jackson’s unit stood standing like a brick
wall against the advance.
 The victory earned Jackson the nickname of
“Stonewall”
This was the first major battle of the
Civil War and the Confederates won

“Bull
Run” is also known as “The Battle
of Manassas”
The
Union’s hopes of winning a “quick”
war were shattered

George McClellan- American army general put in charge of Union troops.
o He was later removed for failing to move on to Richmond.

McClellan launched The Peninsular Campaign (b/w York R. and James R.)
to capture Richmond, VA the Confederate capital in the summer of 1862
but it was very slow in approach.

The Union’s best attempt at Richmond was the Seven Days’ Battle, a
series of battles that saw the South force the North to retreat.

Robert E. Lee was put in command of the Confederate Army; he was a
West Point grad, Mexican War vet, and led Federal troops at Harper’s
Ferry.

Second Battle of Bull Run lasted three days where
Jackson’s troops met Pope’s troops on the battlefield.

First Day: fought to a draw with huge casualties on both
sides.

Second Day: Pope pushed forward, just to be pushed back
with heavy casualties on both sides.

Third Day: the Union army was forced to retreat once the
Confederates completed their assault.

Confederate leaders hoped to follow Robert E. Lee’s success in Virginia
with a major victory in the North.

40,000 Confederate soldiers crossed into Maryland and ran into Union
soldiers. (Lee vs. McClellan)

More deaths occurred at the Battle of Antietam than the deaths of all
Americans in the American Revolution, War of 1812, and the MexicanAmerican War combined.
o The large amount of deaths would be a trend throughout the war.

George B. McClellan did not use a back-up force to attack Lee’s
battered army however, he stopped the Confederate advance to the
North.

The North had most of the U.S Navy’s small fleet and
had enough industry to build more ships.

The blockade’s purpose was to prevent the South
from selling or receiving goods
o While effective, the blockade was hard to maintain
because it covered thousands of miles of coastline.

The union blockade reduced the number of ships
entering to ports from 6000 to 800 per year.
 Both
sides needed an advantage at sea, so
they turned to a new type of warship called
the ironclad.
 No
wood, and no need for wind b/c the
ironclad was completely made of metal.
 In
March 1862, the South’s “Virginia” sank 2
Union war ships.

In April of ’62, The Virginia returned to the blockade but met
the North’s ironclad, the Monitor.

The Monitor had a revolving gun tower which allowed it to
fire at all sides.

Neither ship inflicted heavy damages but the Monitor’s
efforts sent the Confederate ship back home.

These clashes of ironclads signaled a major change in naval
warfare.
o Eventually there was no more wooden warships.