Transcript clash of beliefs and ideals chs. 9-11, gps 9, 10

CLASH OF BELIEFS AND IDEALS
CHS. 9-11, GPS 9, 10
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SSUSH9 The student will identify key events, issues, and
individuals relating to the
causes, course, and consequences of the Civil War.
a. Explain the Kansas-Nebraska Act, the failure of popular
sovereignty, Dred Scott case, and John Brown’s Raid.
b. Describe President Lincoln’s efforts to preserve the Union as
seen in his second inaugural address and the Gettysburg speech
and in his use of emergency powers, such as his decision to
suspend habeas corpus.
c. Describe the roles of Ulysses Grant, Robert E. Lee, “Stonewall”
Jackson, William T. Sherman, and Jefferson Davis.
d. Explain the importance of Fort Sumter, Antietam, Vicksburg,
Gettysburg, and the Battle for Atlanta.
e. Describe the significance of the Emancipation Proclamation.
f. Explain the importance of the growing economic disparity
between the North and the South through an examination of
population, functioning railroads, and industrial output.
CLASH OF BELIEFS
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The Civil War is one of the key events that
formed America’s national character. This unit
examines the causes and effects of the conflict
and change of the American Civil War. It also
provides a rich field for examining the role of
individuals, groups and institutions in
shaping history. It will also show how
production, distribution, and consumption
help the economy to thrive as industry supports
the war. The unit concludes with a focus on the
beliefs and ideals of political reconstruction of
the South and the struggles of newly freed
African-Americans.
CAUSES OF THE CIVIL WAR
1. Economic and social differences
between the North and the South
 2. States’ rights versus federal rights
 3. The fight between Slave and NonSlave State Proponents
 4. Growth of the Abolition Movement
 5. The election of Abraham Lincoln
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THE AMERICAN CIVIL WAR
 1.
1861-1865
 2. THE WAR OF NORTHERN
AGGRESSION
 3. THE WAR OF SOUTHERN
REBELLION
 4. THE WAR BETWEEN THE STATES
AMERICAN CIVIL WAR
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The American Civil War (1861–1865),
also known as the War Between the States
and several other names, was a civil war
in the United States of America. Eleven
Southern slave states declared their
secession from the U.S. and formed the
Confederate States of America (the
Confederacy). Led by Jefferson Davis,
they fought against the U.S. federal
government (the "Union"), which was
supported by all the free states and the
five border slave states.
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In the presidential election of 1860, the
Republican Party, led by Abraham Lincoln,
had campaigned against the expansion of
slavery beyond the states in which it
already existed. The Republican victory in
that election resulted in seven Southern
states declaring their secession from the
Union even before Lincoln took office on
March 4, 1861. Both the outgoing and
incoming U.S. administrations rejected
secession, regarding it as rebellion.
THE UNITED STATES IN 1861
USA V. CSA
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USA
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CSA
EVENTS BEFORE THE WAR
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PUBLICATION, UNCLE TOM’S
CABIN, 1852
 2. KANSAS-NEBRASKA ACT, 1854
 3. DRED SCOTT DECISION, 1857, BY
SCOTUS (SUPREME COURT OF THE
UNITED STATES)
 4. JOHN BROWN’S RAID, 1859
UNCLE TOM’S CABIN
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Uncle Tom's Cabin; or,
Life Among the Lowly is an
anti-slavery novel by
American author Harriet
Beecher Stowe. Published
in 1852, the novel had a
profound effect on
attitudes toward African
Americans and slavery in
the United States, so much
in the latter case that the
novel intensified the
sectional conflict leading to
the American Civil War.
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book's impact was so great that
when Abraham Lincoln met Stowe at
the start of the American Civil War,
Lincoln is often quoted as having
declared, "So this is the little lady
who made this big war."
KANSAS-NEBRASKA ACT, 1854
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KANSAS-NEBRASKA ACT, 1854
 1) SLAVERY ISSUE…AGAIN
 2) REPEALED MISSOURI
COMPROMISE, 1820
 3) GAVE SETTLERS RIGHT TO
DECIDE SLAVERY QUESTION
 4) POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY
 5) BLEEDING KANSAS
“BLEEDING KANSAS”
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Bleeding Kansas, sometimes referred to in
history as Bloody Kansas or the Border War,
was a series of violent events, involving FreeStaters (anti-slavery) and pro-slavery "Border
Ruffian" elements, that took place in the Kansas
Territory and the western frontier towns of the
U.S. state of Missouri roughly between 1854 and
1858. These incidents were attempts to influence
whether Kansas would enter the Union as a free
or slave state. The term "Bleeding Kansas" was
coined by Horace Greeley of the New York
Tribune.
RESULT: FAILURE OF POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY
DRED SCOTT DECISION
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1. SCOTUS CASE, 1857
2. DRED SCOTT, BLACK SLAVE
3. CLAIMED HE SHOULD BE FREE SINCE HE
LIVED IN FREE AND SLAVE STATES WITH HIS
OWNER
4. COURT RULED THAT NO BLACK, EVEN IF FREE,
WAS A U.S. CITIZEN
5. COURT ALSO RULED CONGRESS COULD NOT
STOP SPREAD OF SLAVERY IN FEDERAL
TERRITORIES
6. RESULT: POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY AND
MISSOURI COMPROMISE WERE
UNCONSTITUTIONAL.
IMPORTANCE OF DRED SCOTT
DECISION
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THE DECISION GAVE SLAVERY
PROTECTION OF THE USC.
 2. ANTI-SLAVERY REPUBLICANS
WANT TO OVERTURN DECISION.
JOHN BROWN
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1. ABOLITIONIST
2. USED VIOLENCE AND MURDER TO PROMOTE
GOAL
3. BELIEVED HE WAS CHOSEN BY GOD TO END
SLAVERY
4. ATTACKED PRO-SLAVERY SETTLERS IN
KANSAS, 1856
5. ATTACKED FEDERAL ARMORY IN HARPER’S
FERRY, WV, 1859
6.PLANNED TO GIVE WEAPONS TO SLAVES FOR
SLAVE REBELLION
7.TERRORIST KILLER OR ABOLITIONIST MARTYR
JOHN BROWN
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John Brown (May 9,
1800 – December 2, 1859)
was an American
abolitionist who advocated
and practiced armed
insurrection as a means to
end all slavery.
He led the Pottawatomie
Massacre in 1856 in
Bleeding Kansas and made
his name in the
unsuccessful raid at
Harpers Ferry in 1859.
President Abraham Lincoln
said he was a "misguided
fanatic."
PRESERVATION OF THE UNION
1. 1860, LINCOLN ELECTED PRES.
 2. GOAL: PRESERVE UNION
 3. SC SECEDED (WITHDREW) FROM THE
UNION FOLLOWED BY MI, FL, AL, GA, LA,
TX
 4. RESULT: FORMATION OF CSA
(CONFEDERACY)
 5. CSA ATTACKED USA AT FORT SUMTER,
CHARLESTON, SC…BEGINNING OF WAR
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ABRAHAM LINCOLN’S VIEWSACTIONS
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1. PRESERVE UNION
2. SOUTHERN STATES
DID NOT HAVE RIGHT
TO SECEDE.
3. SOUTH, STATES IN
REBELLION
4. NEVER
RECOGNIZED THE
CSA AS A SEPARATE
NATION
5. RESTRICT SPREAD
OF SLAVERY, LATER,
ABOLITION
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6. SUSPENDED THE CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHT OF
HABEAS CORPUS, LEGAL RIGHT THAT ANYONE
IMPRISIONED MUST APPEAR BEFORE JUDGE TO
DETERMINE IF PRISONER IS BEING HELD
LEGALLY
7. USED EMERGENCY POWERS IN TIME OF
NATIONAL EMERGENCY
8. JEFFERSON DAVIS DID THE SAME IN CSA.
ABRAHAM LINCOLN’S ACTIONS
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ISSUED EMANCIPATION
PROCLAMATION
 1) FREED SLAVES IN CSA STATES
 2) RESULT: IN ADDITION TO A WAR
TO PRESERVE UNION, A MORAL WAR
TO ABOLISH SLAVERY
 3) IMPACT ON MANPOWER
IMPORTANT LEADERS OF THE CIVIL
WAR, GOVERNMENT AND MILITARY
1. LEADERS REPRESENTED BELIEFS
WHICH SEPARATED N AND S
 2. N LEADERS: ILLEGAL FOR S TO
SECEDE FROM UNION; THE
CONFEDERATES WERE OUTLAWS AND
NOT CITIZENS OF A NEW NATION
 3. S. LEADERS: LOYALTY TO STATE;
CONFEDERATES FOUGHT TO PROTECT
HOMES EVEN THOUGH THERE WERE
MISGIVINGS ABOUT SECESSION
 4. CHART OF LEADERS
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IMPORTANT BATTLES OF THE
AMERICAN CIVIL WAR
 1.
MOST LAND BATTLES, W. OF
MISS. RIVER
 2. SEA BATTLES, ATLANTIC AND
GULF OF MEXICO
 3. MISS. RIVER BATTLES
FOUR IMPORTANT BATTLES
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ANTIETAM, MARYLAND, 9.1862
 2. GETTYSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA,
4.1863
 3. VICKSBURG, MISSISSIPPI, 57.1863
 4. ATLANTA, GEORGIA, 7-9, 1864
ANTIETAM
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DEADLIEST 1-DAY BATTLE IN U.S.
MIL. HISTORY, 26,000 CASUALTIES
 2. ROBERT E. LEE, S, MARCHED N
 3. LEE RETREATED, N DID NOT
PURSUE (N, 2 T0 1 IN TROOP NOS.)
 4. IMPORTANCE: LEE’S FAILURE TO
WIN ENCOURAGED LINCOLN TO
ISSUE EMAN. PROC.
ANTIETAM (SHARPSBURG, S)
GETTYSBURG
1. DEADLIEST BATTLE OF WAR, 51,000
CASUALTIES, 3 DAYS
 2. LEE MARCHED N. TO PA
 3. LEE FAILED TO SHOW FRANCE AND GB
TO HELP S.
 4. IMPORTANCE: FAILURE TO INVADE N.
AND SHOW S. COULD NOT WIN, TURNING
POINT
 5. 4 MONTHS LATER, GETTYSBURG
ADDRESS TO DEDICATE CEMETERY
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VICKSBURG
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N. GENERAL U.S. GRANT
 2. GOAL: CONTROL OF MISS. RIVER
 3. N. VICTORY, TURNING POINT
(COINCIDED WITH N. VICTORY AT
GETTYSBURG)
ATLANTA
1. N, WILLIAM T SHERMAN
 2. GOAL: CAPTURE RR AND INDUSTRIAL
CENTER IN S
 3. N. VICTORY, SHERMAN BURNED
ATLANTA AND “MARCHED TO THE SEA”
LEAVING A PATH OF DESTRUCTION TO
SAVANNAH, GA
 4. S LOSING, N WINNING
 5. LINCOLN WON REELECTION IN 1864.
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GETTYSBURG ADDRESS
 1.
OCCASION: DEDICATION OF
CEMETERY
 2. 2 MIN SPEECH, ABRAHAM
LINCOLN
 3. RAISED SPIRITS OF N
 4. USA IS AN INDIVISIBLE NATION.
LINCOLN’S 2ND
INAUGURAL ADDRESS
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1. 1864
2. N VICTORY IN SIGHT WITH END OF SLAVERY
3. LINCOLN DID NOT BOAST OF VICTORY.
4. SLAVERY WAS AN EVIL AND N HAD RIGHT TO
GO TO WAR.
5. URGED N NOT TO SEEK REVENGE ON S
6. URGED RECONSTRUCTION OF S “WITH
MALICE TOWARD NONE, WITH CHARITY OF ALL.”
7. WAR TO PRESERVE UNION AS INDIVISIBLE
NATION WHICH WOULD NOT PROFIT FROM
HUMAN BONDAGE
SURRENDER OF THE SOUTH
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LEE AND GRANT MET AT
APPOMATTOX COURT HOUSE,
VIRGINIA,TO ARRANGE THE
CONFEDERATE SURRENDER, APRIL
9, 1865
APPOMATTOX COURT HOUSE,
1865
ASSASSINATION OF ABRAHAM
LINCOLN
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APRIL 14, 1865
 2. FORD’S THEATER, WASHINGTON
D.C
 3. BRITSH PLAY, OUR AMERICAN
COUSIN
 4. ASSASSIN, JOHN WILKES BOOTH
 5. “SIC SEMPER TYRANNIS”…
 6. “THUS BE IT EVER TO TYRANTS”
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John Wilkes Booth (May 10,
1838 – April 26, 1865) was an
American stage actor who
assassinated President Abraham
Lincoln at Ford's Theatre, in
Washington, D.C., on April 14,
1865. Booth was a member of the
prominent 19th century Booth
theatrical family from Maryland
and, by the 1860s, was a popular
actor, well known in both the
Northern United States and the
South.[1] He was also a
Confederate sympathizer
vehement in his denunciation of
the Lincoln Administration and
outraged by the South's defeat in
the American Civil War. He
strongly opposed the abolition of
slavery in the United States and
Lincoln's proposal to extend
voting rights to recently
emancipated slaves.
H
RESULTS OF THE AMERICAN
CIVIL WAR
 IMMEDIATE
 1.
ABOLITION OF SLAVERY
 2. WIDENING GAP BETWEEN N AND
S ECONOMIES
 3. DEVASTATION OF THE S
 4. REUNIFICATION OF THE NATION
RESULTS OF THE AMERICAN
CIVIL WAR
 LONG-TERM
 1.
RECONSTRUCTION OF THE SOUTH
 2. INDUSTRIAL BOOM, MAINLY N
 3. INCREASED FEDERAL AUTHORITY,
NATIONAL GOVERNMENT (END OF
STATES’S RIGHTS)