Transcript End of the Civil War ppt

END OF CIVIL WAR
Gettysburg
Address
The
Gettysburg
Address
November 19, 1863
Abraham Lincoln delivered this famous speech on
November 19, 1863, to a crowd gathered at the dedication
of Soldier’s National Cemetery in Gettysburg,
Pennsylvania. The speech contains only two hundred
seventy-two words, but it is considered one of the greatest
speeches in American history.
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WEAPONS OF THE CIVIL WAR
canister shot
artillery projectile
rifled barrel
officer’s sword
Springfield rifle, 1861
(Union)
Although the Union used many types of rifles, this was the most common.
British Enfield rifle, 1853
(Confederacy)
minié ball
Although the Confederacy used many types of rifles, this was the most common.
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WAR OF ATTRITION
 Grant
Orders commanders to wage total war.
 Begins 10 month non-stop attack on Lee.

 William
T. Sherman burns Atlanta in 1864 and
begins “March to the Sea” to Savannah before
heading to South Carolina.
300-mile March to the Sea through Georgia and South Carolina.
 Sherman’s army covered about 10 miles a day, cutting a path of
destruction 50 miles wide.


Sherman’s troops burned buildings and infrastructures along the
way, destroying many towns and cities. Sherman’s troops defeated
the depleted Confederate army and took Savannah on December
22, 1864.
THE UNION’S
TRIUMPH
 Richmond,
Virginia is captured and Lee,
who is out of food, decides that it was
senseless to continue
 On April 9, 1865, Lee Surrendered to Grant
at Appomattox Court House, Virginia

With Lee's surrender of the main Confederate
army, the Civil War soon ended.
 On
April 18, Johnston surrendered to
Sherman near Durham, North Carolina
COST OF THE WAR

630,000 men died


$20 billion


More than 11 times the total amount spent by the
federal government from 1789 to 1861.
Southern wealth decline 43 percent


Almost as many as in all the other wars the nation
has fought from the Revolution through Vietnam
combined.
Even without adding the market value of freed
slaves, southern wealth declined 43 percent,
transforming what had been the richest section of
the nation on a white per capita basis into the
poorest.
Abraham Lincoln assassinated on April 14,
1865
OUTCOME OF THE WAR


Union is perpetual
Ends slavery
ASSASSINATION OF LINCOLN
APRIL 14, 1865
President Abraham Lincoln
was assassinated at the end of
the Civil War. He was killed on April 14, 1865, while
attending a play at Ford’s Theatre in Washington,
D.C., with his wife and two other people. Lincoln
was watching Our American Cousin when John
Wilkes Booth shot him in the back of the head.
Booth was a loyal Confederate, and he thought the
Confederacy could triumph if Lincoln were dead.
Booth jumped off the balcony and broke his ankle,
but managed to escape the theater. Lincoln died of
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his fatal wound
the next
The Trial and Execution of the Conspirators
The conspirators in the assassination of
President Lincoln were Mary Surratt, Lewis
Powell, David Herold, George Atzerdot, Michael
O’Laughlen, Samuel Arnold, Edman Spangler, and
Dr. Samuel Mudd. They were
tried in a
military tribunal court because the
government deemed the nature of the
case required the use of this court. A
majority vote would result in a guilty verdict, while a
two-thirds majority would result in a death sentence.
All eight were found guilty. Surratt, Powell,
Herold, and Atzerdot were sentenced to death by
hanging. O’Laughlen died in prison. President
Andrew Johnson pardoned Arnold, Spangler, and
Mudd.
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LEGACY OF THE WAR
The Civil War was the bloodiest war in American history. It has
been referred to as “The War Between the States,” “The
Brother’s War,” and the “War of Northern Aggression.” More
than 600,000 Americans lost their lives, and countless others
were wounded severely. The Civil War led to passage of the
Thirteenth, Fourteenth , and Fifteen Amendments to the United
States Constitution. These amendments outlawed slavery,
granted African Americans United States citizenship, and
granted African-American males the right to vote. Although
equal treatment under the law for African Americans would not
be enforced until almost a hundred years later, the Civil War
abolished slavery and established the supremacy of the federal
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government.