Transcript The End of the Civil War

The End of the Civil War
The Reunion of a Nation and
the Death of a Hero
The Gettysburg Address
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Gettysburg Address:
Speech given by Abraham
Lincoln after the Battle of
Gettysburg
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Dedicated the Gettysburg
battlefield as a cemetery
for those killed
One of the most quoted
speeches of all time
271 words that saved
Lincoln from losing the
1864 presidential election
The Gettysburg Address
"Four score and seven years ago, our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation:
conceived in liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.
Now we are engaged in a great civil war. . .testing whether that nation, or any nation so
conceived and so dedicated. . . can long endure. We are met on a great battlefield of that war.
We have come to dedicate a portion of that field as a final resting place for those who here
gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do
this.
But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate. . .we cannot consecrate. . . we cannot hallow this
ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here have consecrated it, far above
our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember, what we say
here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated
here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced.
It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us. . .that from these
honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full
measure of devotion. . . that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in
vain. . . that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom. . . and that government
of the people. . .by the people. . .for the people. . . shall not perish from the earth. "
Sherman’s March to the Sea
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General William T. Sherman led his army
through Tennessee and into Georgia
before burning the city of Atlanta and
continuing to the Atlantic Ocean
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Total War: Anyone and everyone (including
civilians) is a target
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Tore up railroads
Destroyed crops
Burned and looted towns
19,000 slaves fled their plantations and followed
Sherman’s army
Presidential Election of 1864
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With victory in sight,
Lincoln won reelection
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Ran as the “National
Union Party” instead of
Republican Party with
the hope of uniting the
North
Vice President: Andrew
Johnson (a Democrat)
Ran against George B.
McClellan
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Yes, the General George
McClellan
Presidential Election of 1864
Grant goes after Richmond, Virginia
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Richmond, Virginia
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Final piece of the
Anaconda Plan
“Whatever happens, we
will not retreat”
The Union captures
Richmond
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Surrender at
Appomattox Court
House, Virginia
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April 9, 1865
General Grant and
General Lee meet
The South surrenders
and is given much
needed food and safe
passage home
Amnesty: Southerners
are forgiven/pardoned
for their rebellion
against the U.S.
The McLean’s House
Losses
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North
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360,000 killed
275,000 wounded
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South
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260,000 killed
100,000 wounded
40% of livestock was
killed
50% of farm machinery
destroyed
Prior to the war, the
South accounted for
30% of the nation’s
wealth, but now only
12%
Lincoln’s Plans for Reconstruction
“With malice toward none; with charity for
all; with firmness in the right as God gives
us to see the right, let us strive on to
finish the work we are in; to bind up the
nation’s wounds; to care for him who shall
have borne the battle, and for his widow,
and his orphan—to do all which may
achieve and cherish, a just and lasting
peace, among ourselves and with all
nations.”
The 13th and 14th Amendments
The Thirteenth Amendment: Slavery is
forever banned in the United States of
America.
 The Fourteenth Amendment: All people
born or naturalized in the United States
are considered American citizens and
cannot have their life, liberty, or pursuit of
happiness taken from them.
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By law, African Americans are considered
equal.
Five Days After the Surrender
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Abraham Lincoln attended “My American
Cousin” at Ford’s Theatre
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During the play, Mrs. Lincoln whispered, “What
will Miss Harris think of my hanging onto you
so?” and Lincoln answered, “She won’t think
anything about it.”
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Those were Lincoln’s last words
Confederate sympathizer (Copperhead) John
Wilkes Booth shot Abraham Lincoln in the back
of the head
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Plot to kill Secretary of State William Seward and Vice
President Andrew Johnson failed
About nine hours later, Abraham Lincoln passed away
Reconstruction
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Lincoln’s plans for rebuilding the Union are
handed off to Vice President Andrew
Johnson