Transcript The Furnace of Civil War, 1861–1865

Chapter 21
The Furnace of Civil
War, 1861–1865
Question
All of the following were true of the first battle of Bull Run
EXCEPT
a) the Union army was ill-prepared for battle, but the press and
the public clamored for action.
b) Lincoln eventually concluded that an attack on a smaller
Confederate force at Bull Run might be worth a try.
c) “Stonewall” Jackson’s gray-clad warriors stood like a stone
wall, and Confederate reinforcements arrived unexpectedly.
d) panic seized the Confederates, many of whom fled, while the
Union troops feasted on captured lunches.
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Answer
All of the following were true of the first battle of Bull Run
EXCEPT
a) the Union army was ill-prepared for battle, but the press and
the public clamored for action.
b) Lincoln eventually concluded that an attack on a smaller
Confederate force at Bull Run might be worth a try.
c) “Stonewall” Jackson’s gray-clad warriors stood like a stone
wall, and Confederate reinforcements arrived unexpectedly.
d) panic seized the Confederates, many of whom fled, while the
Union troops feasted on captured lunches. (correct)
Hint: See pages 481–482.
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Question
All of the following were true of the Peninsula Campaign
EXCEPT
a) McClellan at last decided upon a waterborne approach to
Richmond.
b) after taking a month to capture Yorktown, McClellan finally
came within sight of Richmond.
c) Lincoln diverted troops from chasing “Stonewall” Jackson, who
seemed to put Washington in jeopardy, to reinforcing
McClellan.
d) Union forces abandoned the Campaign as a costly failure, and
Lincoln abandoned McClellan as commander of the Army of the
Potomac.
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Answer
All of the following were true of the Peninsula Campaign
EXCEPT
a) McClellan at last decided upon a waterborne approach to
Richmond.
b) after taking a month to capture Yorktown, McClellan finally
came within sight of Richmond.
c) Lincoln diverted troops from chasing “Stonewall” Jackson, who
seemed to put Washington in jeopardy, to reinforcing
McClellan. (correct)
d) Union forces abandoned the Campaign as a costly failure, and
Lincoln abandoned McClellan as commander of the Army of the
Potomac.
Hint: See pages 483–484.
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Question
All of the following were true of the battle of the Merrimack
& Monitor EXCEPT
a) Southerners raised and reconditioned a former wooden U.S.
warship, the Monitor, and plated its sides with old iron railroad
rails.
b) renamed the Virginia, the Merrimack destroyed two wooden
ships of the Union navy in the Virginia waters of Chesapeake
Bay.
c) the Virginia threatened catastrophe to the entire Yankee
blockading fleet.
d) the little “Yankee cheesebox on a raft,” the Monitor fought the
wheezy Merrimack to a standstill.
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Answer
All of the following were true of the battle of the Merrimack
& Monitor EXCEPT
a) Southerners raised and reconditioned a former wooden U.S.
warship, the Monitor, and plated its sides with old iron railroad
rails. (correct)
b) renamed the Virginia, the Merrimack destroyed two wooden
ships of the Union navy in the Virginia waters of Chesapeake
Bay.
c) the Virginia threatened catastrophe to the entire Yankee
blockading fleet.
d) the little “Yankee cheesebox on a raft,” the Monitor fought the
wheezy Merrimack to a standstill.
Hint: See pages 486–487.
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Question
All of the following were true of the Battle of Antietam
EXCEPT
a) Lincoln, yielding to popular pressure, hastily restored “Little
Mac” McClellan to active command of the main Northern army.
b) two Confederate soldiers found a copy of McClellan’s battle
plans wrapped around a packet of three cigars dropped by a
careless Union officer.
c) McClellan succeeded in halting Lee at Antietam.
d) the British and French governments were on the verge of
diplomatic mediation, but were dissuaded when the Union
displayed unexpected power at Antietam.
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Answer
All of the following were true of the Battle of Antietam
EXCEPT
a) Lincoln, yielding to popular pressure, hastily restored “Little
Mac” McClellan to active command of the main Northern army.
b) two Confederate soldiers found a copy of McClellan’s battle
plans wrapped around a packet of three cigars dropped by a
careless Union officer.
c) McClellan succeeded in halting Lee at Antietam.
d) the British and French governments were on the verge of
diplomatic mediation, but were dissuaded when the Union
displayed unexpected power at Antietam.
Hint: See page 487.
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Question
All of the following were true of the Emancipation
Proclamation EXCEPT
a) Antietam was just enough of a victory to justify Lincoln’s issuing
the preliminary Emancipation Proclamation in September 1862.
b) the Civil War became more of a moral crusade as the fate of
slavery and the South it had sustained was sealed.
c) it declared “forever free” the slaves in those Confederate areas
still in rebellion.
d) bondsmen in the loyal Border States were freed, as were those
in specific conquered areas in the South.
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Answer
All of the following were true of the Emancipation
Proclamation EXCEPT
a) Antietam was just enough of a victory to justify Lincoln’s issuing
the preliminary Emancipation Proclamation in September 1862.
b) the Civil War became more of a moral crusade as the fate of
slavery and the South it had sustained was sealed.
c) it declared “forever free” the slaves in those Confederate areas
still in rebellion.
d) bondsmen in the loyal Border States were freed, as were those
in specific conquered areas in the South. (correct)
Hint: See pages 487–488.
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Question
The Thirteenth Amendment was passed
a) in 1863, as constitutional support for the
Emancipation Proclamation.
b) after Lincoln’s victory in the Election of 1864.
c) in 1865, timed to coincide with Lee’s
surrender at Appomatox.
d) in 1865, eight months after the Civil War had
ended.
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Answer
The Thirteenth Amendment was passed
a) in 1863, as constitutional support for the
Emancipation Proclamation.
b) after Lincoln’s victory in the Election of 1864.
c) in 1865, timed to coincide with Lee’s
surrender at Appomatox.
d) in 1865, eight months after the Civil War had
ended. (correct)
Hint: See page 489.
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Question
Copperheads were the nickname given in the
North to
a) “War Democrats.”
b) “Peace Democrats.”
c) Democrats who openly obstructed
the war.
d) Confederates.
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Answer
Copperheads were the nickname given in the
North to
a) “War Democrats.”
b) “Peace Democrats.”
c) Democrats who openly obstructed
the war. (correct)
d) Confederates.
Hint: See page 499.
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Question
All of the following were true of the Battle of Gettysburg
EXCEPT
a) quite by accident, Meade took his stand atop a low ridge
flanking a shallow valley near quiet little Gettysburg.
b) the battle seesawed across the rolling green slopes for three
agonizing days and the outcome was in doubt until the very
end.
c) the failure of General George Pickett’s magnificent but futile
charge finally broke the back of the Confederate attack.
d) Pickett’s charge has been called the “low tide of the
Confederacy,” as it proved that the Confederates had never
really had a chance to win the war.
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Answer
All of the following were true of the Battle of Gettysburg
EXCEPT
a) quite by accident, Meade took his stand atop a low ridge
flanking a shallow valley near quiet little Gettysburg.
b) the battle seesawed across the rolling green slopes for three
agonizing days and the outcome was in doubt until the very
end.
c) the failure of General George Pickett’s magnificent but futile
charge finally broke the back of the Confederate attack.
d) Pickett’s charge has been called the “low tide of the
Confederacy,” as it proved that the Confederates had never
really had a chance to win the war. (correct)
Hint: See page 492.
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Question
All of the following were true of the Gettysburg Address
EXCEPT
a) it attracted considerable attention at the time.
b) Lincoln’s remarks were branded by the London Times as
“ludicrous” and by Democratic editors as “dishwatery” and
“silly.”
c) it has long been recognized as a masterpiece of political
oratory and as a foundational document of the American
political system.
d) it was as weighty a statement of the national purpose as the
Declaration of Independence.
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Answer
All of the following were true of the Gettysburg Address
EXCEPT
a) it attracted considerable attention at the time. (correct)
b) Lincoln’s remarks were branded by the London Times as
“ludicrous” and by Democratic editors as “dishwatery” and
“silly.”
c) it has long been recognized as a masterpiece of political
oratory and as a foundational document of the American
political system.
d) it was as weighty a statement of the national purpose as the
Declaration of Independence.
Hint: See pages 493–494.
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Question
All of the following were true of Sherman’s March EXCEPT
a) Sherman was a pioneer practitioner of “total war.”
b) one of the major purposes was to destroy supplies destined for
the Confederate army and to weaken the morale of the men at
the front by waging war on their home.
c) because Sherman’s methods were brutal, he probably
lengthened the struggle and hence cost lives.
d) the discipline of Sherman’s army at times broke down, as
roving riffraff (Sherman’s “bummers”) engaged in an orgy of
pillaging.
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Answer
All of the following were true of Sherman’s March EXCEPT
a) Sherman was a pioneer practitioner of “total war.”
b) one of the major purposes was to destroy supplies destined for
the Confederate army and to weaken the morale of the men at
the front by waging war on their home.
c) because Sherman’s methods were brutal, he probably
lengthened the struggle and hence cost lives. (correct)
d) the discipline of Sherman’s army at times broke down, as
roving riffraff (Sherman’s “bummers”) engaged in an orgy of
pillaging.
Hint: See pages 497–498.
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