Transcript The Roaring 20s - Cabarrus County Schools

THE ROARING
20S
CHANGING ROLE OF WOMEN
• 19th Amendment (1920)- Granted suffrage to women
• New jobs opened during WWI and some women kept
working!
• More women began college
Jeanette Rankin- first woman in Congress (1916) served
throughout the 1920s
Flappers
• Modern women; young and rebellious
• Short hair, short dresses, more make up
• Began to smoke and drink (in public!)
PROHIBITION ERA
• 18th Amendment (1919)- prohibited making, selling, and
transporting alcohol
• Volstead Act- law passed by Congress to enforce;
ignored in a lost of cities
• Why it didn’t work…
– Not enforced, police departments were corrupt
– Most Americans didn’t take it seriously
• Organized Crime
– “bootlegging”- illegal selling of alcohol
– Al Capone (“Scarface”) paid off police and city
government
• Made up to 60 million/year bootlegging
• Convicted of tax evasion in 1931 and sent to
prison
• Speakeasy- secret club/bar that sold liquor
• 21st Amendment (1933)- Repeals the
18th; allowed communities to decide for
themselves
ENTERTAINMENT IN THE 20S
• Short working hours and higher pay gave Americans
more time and money!
• Radio
– 1st radio station in Pittsburgh (1920); only did news,
later sports and music
• Moving Pictures
– Silent films
– First “talkie” in 1927- The Jazz Singer
Sports- Radio made sports more popular
Babe Ruth “The Great Bambino”
• Most famous baseball player of the 20s, NY Yankees
Jack Dempsey
• Famous heavyweight boxer; over 100,000 at his matches
Man ‘O War
• Famous racehorse
• Only lost 1 race ever- to a horse named Upset
Gertrude Ederle
• 1st woman to swim the English Channel, broke men’s record by 2 hours
MUSIC & DANCE
• Jazz was most popular, started in New Orleans
• Louis Armstrong- jazz musician
• George Gershwin- composer “Rhapsody in Blue”
• Dances- Charleston, Fox-trot, Tango
LITERATURE
• F. Scott Fitzgerald- The Great Gatsby
– Fictional town on Long Island, wealth and success
• Ernest Hemingway – A Farewell to Arms
– Set during WWI
TRANSPORTATION
• Henry Ford
– Changed auto industry with the assembly line
• Previously 12 hours to build a car, now 28 minutes
– Model T
– 1920…8 million cars on the road 1929… 23 million
• Charles Lindbergh
– First solo flight across Atlantic in the “Spirit of St Louis”
– No parachute, no sleep, no heat
• Amelia Earhart
– 1st woman to fly the Atlantic (1932)
– Disappeared while trying to fly around the world
RETURN OF THE KKK
• In 1916- 100,000 members…. By 1928- 4 million members
• Attacks on African Americans, Jews, Catholics, immigrants
SCOPES “MONKEY” TRIAL
• Tennessee law (1925)- illegal to teach
evolution/Charles Darwin in schools
• John Scopes, chosen by ACLU to
challenge the law
– Attorney Clarence Darrow
• William Jennings Bryan
– Prosecutor; judge wouldn’t allow scientists
to testify
• Scopes was found GUILTY, fined $100
RED SCARE
• Fear of radicals (socialists, communists, etc)
• Caused by revolution in Russia, domestic
terrorism
• Limitations placed on immigration
• Sacco & Vanzetti Case
– Two Italian immigrants accused of murder, given
unfair trial and executed
REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTS
Warren Harding
Calvin Coolidge
Herbert Hoover
• Won 1920 election
promising “Return to
Normalcy”
• Took over for Harding
• Easily won in 1928 as
Americans were happy
with economy
• Remembered for
scandals; his advisors
were known as the
“Ohio Gang”
• Strange death in 1923
• Known as “Silent Cal”
• Reelected in 1924
• Pro-business/ “laissezfaire economics”
• “A chicken in every pot
and a car in every garage!”
• Stock market crashes in
1929!
• “Rugged individualism”
– “Pull yourself up by your
boot straps!”