Transcript Chapter 1 - Goodheart

Chapter 1
Personal Development
Your Personality
Section 1-1
Objectives
• Explain how heredity and environment
affect personality development.
• Formulate ways to enhance your
personality.
• Compare and contrast self-concept
and self-esteem.
• Identify suggestions for improving
self-esteem.
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How Personality Develops
• Personality is the combination of traits that
make you a unique person
• Traits are qualities that make you different
from everyone else
• Heredity refers to the passing of traits to a
new generation
• You receive inherited traits from your
parents
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Environment
• Environment includes everything and
everyone around you
• Acquired traits develop as a result of your
environment
• Your family is important in shaping your
personality
• Friends and classmates affect your acquired
traits
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Changing Your Personality
• Your personality has taken form in early
childhood
• You can change or
improve some
personality traits
with effort
– be more friendly
– be less aggressive
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Your Self-Concept
• Self-concept is the
mental image you
have of yourself
• Self-esteem is how
you feel about
yourself
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Improving Your Self-Esteem
• Build your self-confidence to help you deal
with events in a positive way
• Develop healthy self-esteem by looking at
your positive qualities
• Try not to compare yourself with others
• Learn to give and accept compliments
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Developing New Interests
• Improve your self-esteem by getting
involved in groups and activities
• Learn new skills
• Pursue hobbies that interest you
• Keep an open mind and try new activities
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Developing a Positive Attitude
• Attitudes are feelings and opinions about
someone or something
• Optimists have positive attitudes
• Pessimists have negative attitudes
• A smile reflects healthy self-esteem and a
positive attitude
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Section 1-1 Review
• List two factors in your environment that
influence personality.
(List two:) family, friends, school
• Define the term self-esteem.
How you feel about yourself.
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Growing and Changing
Section 1-2
Objectives
• Describe physical, intellectual, emotional,
and social changes that occur during
adolescence.
• Give examples of ways to handle negative
emotions.
• Relate how the physical, intellectual,
emotional, and social changes that take
place during adolescence help you achieve
certain developmental tasks.
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Growth and Development
• There are three major stages in life
– childhood
– adolescence
– adulthood
• You are in the adolescent stage
• Many developmental tasks are achieved
during adolescence
continued
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Growth and Development
• Four major types of changes occur during
growth and development
– physical changes
– intellectual changes
– emotional changes
– social changes
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Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.
Physical Changes
• You may experience growth spurts during
adolescence
• Puberty is when your body matures
sexually
• Hormones in your body influence growth
and development
• Individuals grow and develop at different
rates
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Intellectual Changes
• About 80 percent
of adult intellect is
formed by age
eight
• Reasoning abilities
increase during
adolescence
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Emotional Changes
• Emotions are feelings you have about
people and your surroundings
• Emotions may become more intense during
adolescence
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Negative Emotions
• Failing to control negative emotions, such as
anger, jealousy, and fear, can affect your
relationships with others
• Sharing negative feelings with a friend can
be helpful
• Physical activity may change a negative
mood
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Positive Emotions
• Happiness and love are examples of positive
emotions
• Positive emotions make you feel good
• You should learn to express strong positive
emotions in an appropriate way
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Social Changes
• Developing social
skills is an important
part of adolescence
• Learning how to act in
various roles is a part
of social development
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Section 1-2 Review
• Define adolescence.
The stage of life between childhood and
adulthood.
• List two examples of roles you currently fill.
(List two:) sister, brother, cousin, student,
friend, team member.
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Becoming Independent
Section 1-3
Objectives
• Explain how to achieve independence.
• Identify ways to show responsibility at
home and at school.
• Demonstrate how to be a responsible
citizen in your local and global
communities.
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Achieving Independence
• Those who have achieved independence
are responsible for their own actions
• People start becoming independent during
adolescence
• Responsibilities are duties or jobs that
you must carry through
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Accepting Responsibility
• Accepting responsibilities
shows that you are becoming
independent
• You can show responsibility by
– doing what you say you will do
– getting an after school or
summer job
– managing your money
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Being Responsible for
Yourself
• Part of growing up is accepting responsibility
for yourself and making decisions
– accept results for your actions
– choose skills to develop
– consider how your actions affect others
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Responsibilities at Home
• As a member of a family, you have
responsibilities that may include
– helping with housework
– preparing meals
– taking care of a younger brother or sister
• Handling responsibilities well shows that you
are ready for more independence
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Responsibilities at School
• You have many responsibilities at school
– arrive on time
– complete your work on time
– bring needed supplies
– follow school rules
• Learning is your most important
responsibility
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Responsibilities in the
Community
• You have many responsibilities to the
community as a citizen
• You can display good citizenship by
– obeying laws
– showing respect for authority figures
– showing respect for other people and their
property
– using community property carefully
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Volunteering
• One way to show good citizenship is to
volunteer by donating your money,
materials, or time to help others
• Many places offer
volunteer opportunities
– hospitals
– community centers
– retirement homes
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Section 1-3 Review
• Duties or jobs that you must carry through
are called _____.
responsibilities
• List two examples that demonstrate
accepting responsibility.
(List two:) being responsible for your
home, school, community, and yourself
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Permission granted to reproduce for educational use only.