Transcript Culture and the French Regime

Culture in New France
The French changed after living in New
France for a while
• 1608  New France began
• New France was cold, wet
and damp
• The climate and weather
was not like France
• French colonists (people
living in New France) were
not used to the weather &
climate
• They did not have the
proper clothing
Living in New France changed how
the French lived
• The First Occupants showed the French how
to adapt to a new way of life in New France.
• New types of food
• How to dress
• How to travel
• How to survive
Let it snow! Let it snow! Let it snow!
• French styles of clothing
changed a little bit
• The style of clothing
had to adapt to the cold
• “French style” 
“Canadien style”
• Transportation also
changed  snowshoes
and canoes
‘Habitant’  someone living in NF
Fur hat with flaps
for ears
Closed
jacket with a
belt to keep
cold out
Extra thick stockings or
leggings to keep legs warm
Snowshoes
The French had to change their houses!
• The first homes in New
France:
• Were made of wood
• Had thin walls
• Had roofs that were
NOT steep
• Had less windows
• Had NO porch
• Were close to the
ground
• Had chimneys that did
not work well
The French had to change their houses!
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Houses changed
Made of stone
Had thicker walls
Had roofs that were
VERY steep
Had MORE windows
Had a porch
Were NOT CLOSE to the
ground
Had 1-2chimneys that
worked well
Voyageurs
• Because of the fur
trade, new jobs for men
became available
• Voyageurs were men
who traveled by canoe
to trade for furs
• They used the many
rivers and lakes to get
to the first occupants
• Voyageurs were allowed
to do this
‘Coureurs du Bois’: Runners of the Woods
• ‘Coureurs de Bois’ were
also travelling fur
collectors
• Lived with the First
Occupants
• Knew the languages
• Knew what the territory
looked like
• They connected the French
to the First Occupants
• They WERE ILLEGAL fur
collectors
Culture in New France 2
The Catholic Church in New France
• The Catholic Church was
very important in New
France
• Everyone in New France
was Catholic
• The Catholic Church was
involved in everything
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Education
Hospitals
Weddings
Baptisms
Rules of New France
People working for the Catholic Church
• Jesuits and Recollets
• Men who were sent to
New France by the
Catholic Church
• They started churches
• They tried to convert
the First Occupants to
Catholicism
People working for the Catholic Church
• Ursulines and Nuns
• Women who were sent
to New France by the
Catholic Church
• They started schools
and hospitals
• They tried to teach the
First Occupants the
ways of the French
Catholic Church and Education
• The Catholic Church was
in charge of education
• Ursulines were teachers
for French children &
First Occupants
• Jesuits started the first
school in Quebec in 1625
• 1650 Montreal 
schools for boys were
started
Catholic Church and Education
• The goal of the Church:
• Make sure the people
knew all about
Catholicism
• Basic reading and
arithmetic (math)
• There was a lot of people
who could not read in
New France
• Students skipped school
to work.
Loyola Campus & Loyola High School
The Catholic Church and Hospitals
• The Catholic Church
was in Charge of
Hospitals in New France
• One of the first
hospitals was ‘Hotel
Dieu’ in Montreal in
1642
• Hospitals also helped
poor people, orphans
and people who were
disabled
The Catholic Church and record keeping
• The Church kept records
of all the people who
were born, who got
married and who died
• They gave out birth,
marriage and death
certificates
• The church knew how
many people were born,
married and died each
year
The Catholic Church and Rules…
• No working on Sundays
• Go to church on
Sundays
• Receive communication
once a year
• Can’t drink too much
alcohol
• The church controlled
how people entertained
themselves