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Post-WWI Social Changes
•Essential Question
•Describe the impact
that WWI had on
literature, science,
music, & technology.
Reactions
to WWI
http://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=SS1dO0JC2EE
• Brutality &
destruction of WWI
made people
question ideas of
progress, reason,
and the meaning of
life.
• Existentialism
– Philosophy claiming
there was “no
universal meaning to
life”
The Lost
•Authors
and
artists
Generation who drew heavily
from feelings of
despair after WWI
•Work conveys a
sense of loss, and
meaninglessness of
life
F.S. Fitzgerald’s Tender is the Night
"This land here cost twenty lives a foot that
summer...See that little stream--we could
walk to it in two minutes. It took the British
a month to walk it--a whole empire walking
very slowly, dying in front and pushing
forward behind. And another empire walked
very slowly backward a few inches a day,
leaving the dead like a million bloody rugs.
No Europeans will ever do that again in this
generation."
Der Krieg
Der Krieg
Der Krieg
Der Krieg
Der Krieg
Der Krieg
Which stood
out for you?
Existentialism
Dada Style
“Life has no meaning the
moment you lose the
illusion of being eternal…
It is up to you to give it
a meaning, and value is
nothing but the meaning
that you choose”
-Jean-Paul Sartre
• Radioactivity
– Marie Curie
• Discovery of Penicillin
Science
– Alexander Fleming
• Theory of Relatively
– Einstein
• Psychoanalysis
– Sigmund Freud
Theory of Relativity
TECHNOLOGY
•Automobile &
assembly line
•Airplane travel
•Radio
•Movies
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v
=iwMKUVlTJUg
The
ROARING
20’S
• U.S Experiences
Economic BOOM
• Blues and Jazz music
became popular
• Youth Rebellion
• Drinking, smoking,
and flappers
Great Granny
Knew How to
Party!
• http://www.youtube.co
m/watch?v=ZJC21zzk
woE
• http://www.youtube.co
m/watch?v=jyvnn8WR
TQY
• Conservative men and
women campaigned
against drinking
• Prohibition – a ban on
the manufacture and
sale of alcohol (1919)
• Caused an
increase in crime
– Speakeasies –
illegal bars
– Moonshiners
– Organized crime
• Prohibition
repealed (1933)
Summary
•Describe the impact that
WWI had on literature,
science, music, & technology.
•
•
•
•
•
Topic
Main Point
Detail
Detail
Conclusion
Post-WWI Political &
Economic CHanges
•Essential Question
•Compare and contrast the
economies of Germany and
the United States.
Europe
after THE
GREAT WAR
• Major result of WWI
was that Treaty of
Versailles contributed
to political and
economic problems in
Europe
• Bankrupt economies
• Communist and Labor
parties challenge
democracy
The
Weimar
republic
•Ineffective in dealing
w/ Germany’s
problems
1. Couldn’t solve
economic
problems
2. Germans didn’t
trust democratic
govt.
Inflation in Germany
1 loaf of bread in 1918…1 mark
Inflation in Germany
1 loaf of bread in 1923…3 billion marks
Inflation in Germany
1 glass of beer in 1923…4 billion marks
Inflation in Germany
1 lb. of meat in 1923…36 billion marks
Inflation in Germany
Burning money because it actually costs
less than the firewood…priceless
There are some things money can’t buy, for everything else there’s
• U.S. passes the Dawes
Plan
International
cooperation
– Germany given $200
million loan
– Recovery from
inflation
• Kellogg-Briand Pact in
1928
– Renounce war as an
instrument of national
policy
1.
What would happen if one of these countries
stops paying the other?
2. Which of the 3 is the most important link?
1 ½ minutes
BLACK
TUESDAY
• Stock Market crashes on
Oct. 29, 1929
• 16 million shares sold off
in a panic
• Banks and businesses fail
• Many world economies
that depended on U.S.
prosperity also entered
depressions
The Great
Depression
• Severe economic slump
that followed collapse of
U.S. stock market
• 3 causes
1. Uneven distribution
of wealth
2. Surplus of goods
3. Investors buy stock
on margin (10% of
actual value)
• John Maynard Keynes
said;
– Govt.’s lack of interference
led to depression
– Govt.’s lack of response
made depression worse
Economic
Explanations
– Future depression can be
prevented by govt.
spending money to create
jobs and help businesses
• Highest unemployment
ever 25-33%
• Midwestern farms
become a “dust bowl”
– No crop rotation, fields
left bare
– Result = topsoil turns to
dust
– “Oakies” migration to
California and
Northern U.S.
• Roosevelt launches
New Deal in 1933
U.S.
RESPONSE TO
DEPRESSION • Large public works
projects that helped
provide jobs for the
unemployed
– Welfare
– Regulations on
banks and stock
markets
German
• In Germany
RESPONSE TO
– People vote for
Nazi party
DEPRESSION
– Promise to
rebuild Germany
What were these 2 men
elected to do?
30 seconds
Summary
•Essential Question
•Compare and contrast the
economies of Germany and
the United States.
•3 sentence summary
•1 question or topic of interest
The Dictators
• Essential Question:
• What are some striking
similarities between the
lives of Hitler, Stalin,
and Mussolini?
• Mussolini –
Family/Romantic • Stalin –
Relationships • Hitler –
Performance
in School
• Mussolini –
• Stalin –
• Hitler –
Hunger for
Power
• Mussolini –
• Stalin –
• Hitler –
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3GawHJ
1cUsI
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zA3kUu
xcnCg&list=PLF36E8266E5B92BFE
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fQAiIuE
Le5g&list=PLF36E8266E5B92BFE
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SpFfYA
GCMRM&list=PLF36E8266E5B92BFE
To
9:27
3:45
All
To
5:30
Summary:
• Essential Question:
• What are some striking
similarities between the
lives of Hitler, Stalin, and
Mussolini?
–3 sentence summary
–1 question you still have
Totalitarianism
• Essential Question:
• Compare/Contrast the
dictatorships of Josef
Stalin & Benito
Mussolini
Josef Stalin
Stalin
replaces
lenin
• Lenin dies of
stroke
• Stalin vs. Trotsky
for leadership of
Communist party
• Stalin wins power
(1928), Trotsky
deported
Did Stalin Poison Lenin?
1. What was the Doctor’s reply when
Trotsky asked him if Lenin was
going to die? He would recover.
2. Why would Lenin ask Stalin to give
him poison? It was a test.
3. What motive did Stalin have for
poisoning Lenin? Lenin didn’t want
Stalin in power
Did Stalin Poison Lenin?
4. What reason would Stalin have for
ordering the arrest & execution of
Yagoda? He was a “loose end”
5. Why do you think Russia preserved
Lenin’s body? To honor him.
What might the real reason be?
To eliminate the evidence.
Stalin’s
unifying
vision
• Economic equality
through force
• Human Rights and
Freedoms limited
• Great Purge
– Eliminate any
opposition or threat
to his power
5 year
plan
• Promoted rapid
industrialization
• Govt. ownership of
industry and
production
• Increased output of
steel coal, & oil to
build the army
• Consumers paid the
price with less goods
The
Gulag
• Forced labor camps for
those with
“individualistic
tendencies”
• Included:
–
–
–
–
Kulaks (wealthy farmers)
Foreigners
Chinese/Koreans
Religious People
Benito Mussolini
What is
Fascism?
• Militant political
movement that
emphasized
loyalty to the state
and obedience to
its leader
Mussolini
gains power
• Founded Fascist
Party
• Black Shirts
terrorized
countryside killing
political
opponents
•March on Rome
(1922)
– King Victor
Emmanuel III gives
up power
– Mussolini declares
self Il Duce
Unifying
Italy
• “Rebuild the
Roman Empire”
• Pledged to revive
the economy and
rebuild the army
TOTAL
CONTROL
• Outlawed other
political parties
• Secret police jailed
opponents
• Censored radio &
newspapers
Summary:
• Essential Question:
• Compare/Contrast the
dictatorships of Benito
Mussolini & Josef Stalin
• 3 sentence summary
• 1 question you still have
Hitler & Nazi Germany
• Essential Question:
• What solutions did Hitler
propose to “fix” Germany,
and why did people
eventually listen to him?
German
Worker’s
party
• 1919- Hitler joins
• Changes name to
National Socialist
German Worker’s
Party in 1920
(Nazi)
• 1921 – Hitler
becomes chairman
Beer
hall
putsch
• German govt.
bullied back into
paying reparations
when France
occupies the Ruhr
Valley
• Nazis are furious, &
take over Munich’s
govt.
• Munich warns Berlin of the coup
• Hitler and 3,000 Nazis march into Berlin
hoping to win police and army to their
side
• Someone shoots, plans fail, Hitler arrested
• Bavarian govt. officials warn Berlin of
revolt
• Hitler and 3,000 Nazis march into Berlin
hoping to win police and army to their
side
• Someone shoots, plans fail, Hitler arrested
Mein
kampf
• Book written
while serving jail
sentence for the
coup
• Set forth his beliefs
and goals for
Germany
Mein kampf
•Read the 3 quotes from
Hitler’ book.
•Place each quote into its
proper category.
Nationalism
Racism
Imperialism
•Hitler’s writings and
speeches asserted
– German “Aryan” master
race
– Jews, Slavs, Gypsies
were inferior
– Germany needed
lebensraum, or living
space
What do all of these
images have in common
with each other?
swastika
“su”
“asti”
“ka”
good
to be
one’s soul
“well being of the soul”
The Aryan Race
•How do you think Hitler
fared in the 1928 elections?
1928
Dawes
Plan
What is the relationship between
unemployment and number of votes
for the Nazi party?
1 minute
Hitler
becomes
leader
• Unemployment &
Nazi support goes up
• Nazis become second
biggest party in 1929
• Hitler declared
Chancellor in 1933
• Absolute dictator, or
Fuhrer, in 1934
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qXST0wF5T4s
The
third
Reich
•German Empire
under the leadership
of Adolf Hitler
(1934-1945)
– 1st – Holy Roman
Empire (962-1806)
– 2nd – Prussian
Unification (1871-1918)
Hitler in
control
• Created a dictatorship
• Banned all political
parties besides Nazis
• Press, radio, literature,
and film as propaganda
• Elite unit of SS that
arrested and murdered
his enemies
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EV9kyocogKo
5:45
Jewish
persecution
• Blamed Jews for all of
Germany’s troubles
• Nuremburg Laws
– Denied Jews of most rights
• Violent attacks against
Jews
– Kristallnacht (Nov 9, 1938)
destruction of homes,
businesses, and synagogues
Nuremburg Laws Paragraphs
• Read the 2 laws provided to you and
answer the following prompt in 2
paragraphs.
• What do these new laws forbid the
Jews from doing? What are the
penalties for disobeying these laws?
• What exactly is a Jew? What rights
does a citizen have that they do not?
Summary:
• Essential Question:
• What solutions did Hitler
propose to “fix” Germany,
and why did people
eventually listen to him?
– 3 sentence summary
– 1 question you still have
The main causes of wwii
•Essential Question:
•How did the MAIN
causes of WWI also
lead to WWII?
The MAIN causes of WWI were the same causes of
WWII.
Militarism is
______________.
For example,
______________________.
Alliances are
________________
For example,
______________________.
Imperialism is
______________.
For example,
______________________.
Nationalism is
______________
For example,
______________________.
These MAIN causes would eventually lead to
__________________________________________________.
• Germany, Italy, and
Russia were creating
massive armies
Militarism
• Hitler defied Treaty of
Versailles by seizing the
Rhineland and building
army
• Italy and Germany
declare alliance
Alliance
system
• France and Britain still
allies
• Hitler and Stalin sign
Nazi-Soviet
Nonaggression Pact
• Anschluss –
Germany acquires
Austria
imperialism •Italy conquers
Ethiopia
•Japan invades
Manchuria &
China
• Propaganda
nationalism
• Nationalistic Youth
• Secret Police for those
who oppose
The MAIN causes of WWI were the same causes of
WWII.
Militarism is
building armies
______________.
For example,
Hitler
rebuilding army
______________________.
Alliances are
countries joining sides
________________
For example,
Germany
& Italy
______________________.
Imperialism is
taking
over countries
______________.
For example,
Germany
& Rhineland
______________________.
Nationalism is
intense love for nation
______________
For example,
Propaganda/Youth
______________________.
These MAIN causes would eventually lead to
the
outbreak of WWII
__________________________________________________.