Transcript 1930s – 40s - longfellowqb.com

1930s – 40s
Hitler, Mussolini, Mao, Stalin
Rise of Adolf Hitler
• 1889 – Hitler born in
Austria-Hungary
• 1909-1913 – poor artist in
Vienna
• 1914-1918 – fights in WWI
• Weimar Republic
• 1920 – heads propaganda at
National Socialist German
Workers Party, antiVersailles
• 1923 – Beer Hall Putsch in
Munich, Bavaria, 9 months
in jail, Mein Kampf
More Hitler
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1931 – loses presidential election to
Hindenburg, Nazis now 2nd largest party
in Germany
1933 – chancellor of coalition
government
Reichstag destroyed by fire, prob. Nazis
Enabling Act – legislative powers to
Hitler’s cabinet
All other parties, trade unions, strikes
banned
Withdraws from League of Nations,
military buildup
1934 – Night of the Long Knives
President Hindenburg dies, office of
president abolished, Hitler made Fuerher
1938 – Austria invites Germany to invade
Munich Agreement – Chamberlain PM
Sudetenland
Crystal Night
WWII Summary
• September 1, 1939 – Germany
invades Poland, Russia gets
half
• 1940 – Denmark, Holland,
Norway, Belgium, France
• 1941 – Russia (Operation
Barbarossa)
• Pearl Harbor
• 1943 – Stalingrad retreat
• 1944 – Vavlkyrie, Col.
Stauffenberg
• D-Day - Eisenhower
• April 30, 1945 – Hitler and Eva
Braun commit suicide
Rise of Benito Mussolini
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Born 1883
Originally socialist
Supported WWI
1919 – formed Fascist Party
1922 – Black Shirts march on Rome
King Victor Emmanuel III invites
Mussolini to form a government
1925 – makes self dictator “Il Duce”
1935 – invades Abyssinia
1939 – Pact of Steel with Hitler
Supported Franco in Spain
1943 – overthrown by colleagues,
Italy signs armistice
1945 – shot by Italian partisans
Joseph Stalin
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Born 1879
1894 – enters seminary, joins Social
Democrats, expelled in 1899
1902 – exiled to Siberia, escapes in
1904
1905 – Nicholas II creates the Duma
Stalin and Lenin meet at Bolshevik
conference
1912 – Bolsheviks break from Social
Democrats, Stalin appointed to
central committee
1917 – October Revolution
1918-1920 – Stalin commands Red
forces
1922 – USSR born, Stalin made
General Secretary
1924 – Lenin dies
WWII and beyond
• Trotsky exiled
• 1934-1938 – The Great
Terror, “Show Trials”
• 1940 – Trotsky assassinated
in Mexico
• 1945 – Yalta Conference
with FDR and Churchill
• 1948 – seizes
Czechoslovakia
• 1950 – Sino-Soviet Treaty
• 1950 – 53 – Korean War
• 1953 – Jewish “Doctor’s
Plot”
Mao
• 1893 – Born to farmers
• New Youth Magazine
• 1920 Beijing University –
read Communist
Manifesto, worked for
Communist party
• 1927 – Chiang Kai-Shek’s
White Terror (KMT)
• 1927 – 1934 - Jiangxi
soviet
• 1934 – 1935 – The Long
March
The Long March
Japan invades China
• 1931 – Japan invades
Manchuria, changes name to
Manchukuo (Puyi)
• Japan leaves League of
Nations
• 1937 – Marco Polo Bridge
Incident
• The Rape of Nanking
• Sian Agreement – CCP and
KMT stop fighting
• Flying Tigers (USA)
• Stalin’s advice
• By 1940 – stalemate
• 1941 – Pearl Harbor
Movies and Books
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Tora Tora Tora – Pearl Harbor
Midway – turning point in Pacific
Valkyrie – assassination attempt
The Longest Day – D-Day
Patton – USA vs. Rommel
Battle of Britain
Enemy at the Gates – Stalingrad
The Rape of Nanking