Transcript lecture note - e

FACTORS EFFECTING COST
OF BUILDING ELEMENTS
INTRODUCTION
• The detailed of each elements in the
building also have implication on the total
cost.
• Several parts of elements
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Substructure
Frame
Upper floors
Roofs
External walls
Internal walls and partitions
Window
Finishes
SUBSTRUCTURE
• Soil, excavation plant can influence the
time and cost of excavation cost.
• The type and size of foundation are
influence by:
– Type of construction
– Load bearing capacity of the soil
– Type of soil
– Topography of land
FRAME
• The main function of the frame is to
transfer the building load to the
substructure.
• The cost of frame is influenced by the size
of the construction, height of the building,
load it will bear and the column span
aside.
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FRAME
• The frame used will influence by :
– Small building
– Multi-storey building
– Materials
– Maintenance
– Type of frame
• In-situ concrete frame
• Precast concrete frame
• Steel frame
UPPER FLOOR
• Upper floor can be built either using timber
or concrete. for timber floor construction, if
the span is large the total cost will
increase.
• For concrete floor, depending on the type
of use and the floor span. A solid insitu
conrete is heavier than hollow pot floor
• Hollow precast concrete floor is more
expensive
ROOF
– Consist of pitch and flat roofs
– Roof structure constructed from
steel,concrete or timber
– Complex roof shapes increase cost for
valleys, hips,barge boards etc
– ROOF COVERING
• Type :Clay, slate, concrete, metal and combination
of several synthetic materials.
ROOF
• ROOF COVERING
– Factors that influence cost:
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Plan shapes of roof
Use of pitch roof
Type of roof covering
Life span of building
EXTERNAL WALL
• Factors influence element cost:
– Shape of the building
– Type and size of opening in a wall
– Materials for the different type of external wall
– if the consist of basement wall
– Type of external cladding
– Maintenance
INTERNAL WALL &
PARTITIONS
• Dry wall and Wet wall
• Advantages using internal dry wall:
– Reduction in cost and structure size due to
reduction in dead load
– Simpler design and detail due to reduction in
load
– Reduction in cost foe preliminary works due to
reduction in cost of building works and saving
in contract periods
WINDOW
• Type:timber,steel,aluminium,plastic, and
stainless steel
• Several factor that influence window cost:
– Material used
– Method of manufacturing
– Performance in term of weatherproof,
ventilation, and quality of manufacturing
– Type of glass
– Type of window
FINISHES
• Various type of finishes:
– Floor
– Wall
– Ceiling
The choice of finishes is depends on the class
and type of building
Quality : high quality or low quality
Suspended ceiling is more expensive because
of hanger, runners and others intallation
support
FINISHES
• Type for finishes for suspended ceiling is
more expensive compared to in situ
finishes (plaster and paint)
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