Transcript Egypt
Egypt p.10 Chapter One Reading Questions Due Today Map Quiz Retake Tomorrow Warm up: Why were Egypt’s pharaohs unusually powerful rulers? Ancient Egypt 3200-500 BC I. Location 1. North Africa 2. Natural barriers: Mediterranean Sea, Sahara Desert, Red Sea A. Result = less prone to invasion. II. Nile River 1. World’s longest river (4000 miles) 2. “Gift of the Nile” annual flooding that deposits rich soil. Predictable 3. Benefits A. Easy communication. B. Transportation. C. Ample water supply. What is going on below? Explain? Egypt – Land near the Nile River Pharaohs Leaders of the Egyptians They were like gods Polytheism Main gods were Re (Sun god) & Osiris (god of dead) Divided Egypt was divided into Upper Egypt and Lower Egypt. The Nile was used as transportation between them. One of the Pharaohs would unite Egypt into one. Mummification Part of their religion. It was to prepare your body for the next life. Mostly for royalty. Hieroglyphics Comes from the words Hieros and Gluph. It means sacred carvings. A combination of pictures and an alphabet. Papyrus Reeds used to make paper. Geometry Needed to divide parcels of land Calendar For planting and harvesting, only off by six hours per year Egyptian Society I. Egyptian Kingdoms become one. 1. Menes: Unified Lower & Upper Egypt around 3100 BC. II. Religious Beliefs 1. Polytheistic: belief in many gods controlling earth. 2. Mummification: process of preseriving the dead. A. Afterlife Happy Field of Food or Devourer of Souls 3. Pharaohs: god-kings of Egypt. 4. Chief gods: Isis, Osiris, Amon-Re, Anubis, Ramses II III. Kingdoms of the Nile Old Kingdom 2650-2134 BC Middle Kingdom 2040-1640 BC New Kingdom 1550-1070 BC Built enormous tombs & pyramids. Land drained for farming. Traded with lands along the Red & Mediterranean Sea. IV. Social Order . Pharaohs Priests Nobles/Warriors Scribes Merchants Peasants/Slaves