Transcript Endocrine System - Dayton Independent Schools

Endocrine System
Endocrine System
• Regulates overall metabolism,
homeostasis, growth and reproduction
• Glands – are organs that specialize in the
secretion of substances needed by an
organism
• Hormones – are the secretions produced
by the endocrine glands
- released into the bloodstream
Chemical Regulation:
Effect on the body:
• Hormones are specific to a target organ
or tissue to stimulate or inhibit
• Response of system is slower than
nervous system because it must travel
through the blood to reach target
• Effect of hormone- last minutes to hours
or even years
Organs of the Endocrine System :
GLAND
HORMONE(S) FUNCTION IN
THE BODY
Pineal
melatonin
Daily sleep and
wake cycles
Pituitary
(Master gland)
TSH,ACTH, Growth
Hormone, FSH, LH,
Prolactin/ oxytocin,
vasopressin
Controls other
glands
Thyroid
Thyroxine,
calcitonin
Overall body
metabolism, blood
calcium levels
Organs of the Endocrine System:
Parathyroid
parathormone
Thymus
thymosin
Pancreas
Insulin, glucagon
Calcium and
phosphate
metabolism
Stimulate T-cells
in immune system
Blood sugar
(glucose)
Organs of the Endocrine System:
Adrenal
Epinephrine
(adrenaline) &
norepinephrine,
cortisol,
aldosterone
Stimulate nervous
system “fight or
flight”
mechanism,
stress response,
sodium balance
Ovary/ testis
Estrogen,
progesterone,
testosterone
Sperm and egg
production,
secondary and
primary sex
characteristics
Every cell in
body
Prostaglandin
Secreted in
response to
injury and
affect
metabolic
activities such
as heart beat,
blood pressure
& immune
response
Feedback Mechanisms
• Negative Feedback – is when an activity
alters a condition in the body, and this
triggers a series of events that reverses
the altered condition
Ex. Body temperature
- When body temp. goes up, we sweat
- When body temp. goes down, we
shiver
Ex. Blood sugar levels
- When blood sugar goes up, insulin
lowers blood sugar
- When blood sugar goes down,
glucagon raises blood sugar
Feedback Mechanisms
(continued)
• Positive Feedback – is when a change
initiates a response, and that response
intensifies the original change
Ex. Contractions of the uterus during
childbirth
Endocrine System Video
Disorders
• Diabetes – is a disease where a person
cannot produce insulin
- Inability of the body to store sugar as
glycogen
• Goiter – is enlargement of the thyroid
gland caused by iodine deficiency