Transcript YOUR AMAZING BODY - Teacher Bulletin

YOUR AMAZING BODY
THE ENDOCRINE
AND IMMUNE
BODY SYSTEMS
SYSTEMS OF THE BODY
Do you remember that the human body is
made up of systems?
Here’s another fact you have learned:
each system is made up of organs. The
organs are made up of tissues, and the
tissues are made up of cells.
REVIEW OF BODY SYSTEMS
Can you remember the six systems of
the body we have already learned?
Yes? . . . No? . . . Maybe so?
Perhaps some hints would help!
Here’s your first clue:
Yes, the heart is part of
The
Circulatory System!
OK; try another system--here’s your hint:
Hopefully a lunch made
you think about chewing,
swallowing and digesting
your food . . .
…which made you think of . . .
The Digestive System!
How are you doing?
Are you two for two?
Try a third one!
Here’s the next system—
and here’s your hint:
Do the cheerleader’s
motions make you think
about the way muscles
stretch and contract to
help us move?
Then I’m sure you’ve guessed . . .
The Muscular System!
Here’s a hint about
the fourth body system:
In what part of the body
do dreams exist?
If you said “the brain,” then
you’re on the right track.
The brain is part of . . .
The Nervous System!
Here’s the fifth system—
ready to guess?
What body organs could
help you blow air through
a bubble wand?
Did you say “lungs?” If so, you’re
correct. Lungs are part of . . .
The Respiratory
System!
Are you ready for the next system?
Here’s your hint . . .
Have you ever seen
an x-ray?
This x-ray shows two bones.
Bones are part of . . .
The Skeletal System!
Let’s say all six together . . .
• The Circulatory System
• The Digestive System
• The Muscular System
• The Nervous System
• The Respiratory System
• The Skeletal System
Two More Body Systems
Today you will learn about two
more body systems. These
systems are the immune and
endocrine systems.
These systems are very
complex and interesting, but we
don’t usually notice them until
they fail for some reason.
Hopefully, learning some facts about
these systems will help you understand
what is happening in your body.
Plus, you may hear news stories about
new medications or treatments that
come on the market, and knowing about
the immune and endocrine systems will
make those news stories more
understandable.
The immune and endocrine systems
help our bodies adapt to our
environment. “Adapt” means to adjust
to different places or situations.
Let’s say, for example, the classroom
became very hot. You might adapt, or
adjust to the environment by
unbuttoning the collar of your shirt or
taking your jacket off.
The Immune
and Endocrine Systems
Today you will learn about the functions
of the immune and endocrine systems.
Listen closely so you can learn four
examples of the many ways these body
systems help humans adapt to their
environment.
The Immune System
You’ve heard about computer viruses,
haven’t you? When a virus gets into a
computer’s hard drive, it ruins the
system.
Sometimes the computer can be fixed,
but if the virus is a severe one, the
computer may have to be replaced.
Believe it or not, computer scientists
understand some of these technical
problems by studying the human body!
The Immune System
Inside your body is an amazing
protection mechanism called the
immune system. It is designed to
defend you against millions of
bacteria, microbes, viruses, toxins
and parasites that would love to
invade your body.
To understand the power of the
immune system, all you have to do is
look at what happens to anything
once it dies. That sounds gross, but it
shows something very important
about the immune system.
When something dies, its
immune system shuts down. In
a matter of hours, the body is
invaded by all sorts of bacteria,
microbes, and parasites.
Few of these things were able to
get in when the immune system
was working, but the moment
the immune system stops, the
door is wide open!
Once an animal or human dies, it
only takes a while for these
organisms to completely
dismantle the body and carry it
away, until all that’s left is a
skeleton.
The good news is that your
immune system is doing
something amazing to keep all
that dismantling from happening
while you’re alive!
The Endocrine System
You may never have heard of the
endocrine system. This little-known
system is made up of a collection of
glands. Some of these glands are
small, but they do very BIG things!
The endocrine system controls, or
regulates, a number of your body’s
functions. How? Through chemicals.
Where do these chemicals come from?
Some come from a few organs, like the
stomach or kidneys, that produce them
and ooze them. The chemicals your
organs make are used close to that
organ.
The endocrine glands throughout your
body make chemicals called hormones
that travel much further. Endocrine
glands put hormones directly into your
bloodstream. Maybe you didn’t know
that all these chemicals travel to every
part of your body. But they do, and
they're acting as chemical messengers.
You have over 30 hormones busily
controlling and regulating such things as:
•when you feel hungry or full;
•how you sleep;
•your body temperature;
•how you break down and utilize the food
you eat and whether you are fat or thin;
• how you handle stress—
•even how and when you grow.
Phew—That’s a LOT!
Other chemicals are
produced by your
exocrine glands.
These glands make
sweat and saliva, and
they are part of the
endocrine system, too.
Let’s take a look at these two systems in
YOUR
AMAZING
BODY!
Work of the Immune System
Your immune system is like a
soldier, on guard to defend
your body against invasions
by germs and viruses.
For example, when you get a
cut, all sorts of bacteria can
enter your body through the
break in the skin.
Your immune system responds
and gets rid of the invaders while
the skin heals itself and seals the
wound.
If the immune system misses
something, the cut may get
infected, swollen, or filled with
pus.
Swelling or pus are both sideeffects of the immune system
doing its job.
If too many bacteria get into your
body, your immune system may
respond by moving blood from
your skin’s surface to the interior
of your body. This response is
called a fever.
Usually, a fever is your body’s
way of defending you against
infection.
Work of the
Endocrine System
Remember, the immune and endocrine
systems help your body adapt to your
environment.
Imagine standing onstage saying
a part in a play, being in the
desert, or exercising in the gym.
Nervousness, high temperature,
or exertion might make you begin
to perspire, or sweat.
Sweating is the body’s way of
getting rid of excess body heat.
Most people have over 2 million
sweat glands in their skin!
As you sweat, the moisture on the
surface of your skin evaporates,
and you cool off.
You can be thankful for your
endocrine system because if you
couldn’t adapt to heat, you might
have a heat stroke!
The Pituitary Gland
Another part of the endocrine system
is the pituitary gland. This gland is
often called the “master” gland,
because it influences other endocrine
glands.
Chemical messages from this gland
help determine how short or tall you
will be.
Today we reviewed the names of the
six body systems you’ve already
learned. Then you heard about two
more body systems: the immune and
the endocrine systems.
When all the systems of the body
work together, we enjoy good health.
The Amazing Human Body
In the Bible David said, “I thank you, High
God—you're breathtaking! Body and soul,
I am marvelously made!”
You can thank God for creating your
amazing body.
Resources
http://www.kidshealth.org/parent/general/body_basics/endocrine.html
http://health.howstuffworks.com/immune-system.htm/printable
http://yucky.discovery.com/flash/body/pg000133.html
http://wellercenter.org/images/Enrichment%20PDFs/LB.pdf
The Endocrine System
http://library.advanced.org/10348/find/content/endocrine.html