Transcript Body Planes and Directional Terms

Body Planes, Directions,
and Cavities
JAMES VALLEY VOCATIONAL TECHNICAL CENTER
Objectives
• Label a diagram of the three
planes of the body with the
names of the planes and the
directional terms created by
these planes
• Label a diagram of the main
body cavities
Objectives Cont….
• Identify the main organs
located in each body cavity
• Locate the four quadrants and
the nine abdominal regions
• Define, pronounce, and spell
all of the key terms
Body Planes:
• Definition = imaginary lines
drawn through the body to
separate the body into sections
Transverse Plane:
Horizontal plane dividing the
body into a top and bottom
half
1. Superior = body parts
above other parts
2. Inferior = body parts below
other parts
3. Cranial = body parts near
the head
4. Caudal = body parts
located near the sacral region
of the spinal column (or near
the tail bone)
Median Plane:
Divides the body into right and
left sides
1. Medial = body parts located
near the middle or midline of
the body
2. Lateral = body parts
located away from the midline
or middle of the body
Frontal Plane:
Divides the body into front and
back section.
1. Anterior = body parts on
the front of the body
2. Posterior = body parts on
the back of the body
• Proximal = body parts close to
the point of reference
• Distal = body parts away from
the point of reference
Body Cavities:
Spaces within the body which
contain vital organs
Posterior Cavity:
One long continuous cavity that
is located on the back of the
body, divided into two sections
1. Cranial Cavity = contains
the brain
2. Spinal Cavity = contains
the spinal cord
Anterior Cavities:
Larger and separated into two
distinct cavities by a dome-shaped
muscle called the diaphragm,
which is important for breathing
1. Thoracic Cavity = located in the
chest, contains the heart, lungs,
and the large blood vessels
2. Abdominal Cavity = divided
into upper and lower parts
Upper part contains the
stomach, small intestines,
most of the large intestines,
liver, gallbladder, pancreas
and spleen
3. Pelvic Cavity = lower
abdominal cavity containing
urinary bladder, the
reproductive organs, and last
Abdominal Regions:
Quadrants
1. Right Upper Quadrant
(RUQ)
2. Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ)
3. Right Lower Quadrant
(RLQ)
4. Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ)
Abdominal Regions:
• Epigastric
• Umbilical
• Pelvic
• Hypochondriac
• Lateral
• Inguinal