Transcript Chapter 11

Chapter 12
Cranium
Part 2
Skull Classifications
• __________________
– Average
• __________________
– Long
• __________________
– Short
Topographical Landmarks
• ________________
– Between eyebrows
• ________________
– Line connecting outer points of the eyes
• _________________
– Depression at bridge of nose
Landmarks
• __________________
– Area of upper lip and nasal septum
• ____________
– Point of lower posterior mandible
• ________________
– Tip of chin
Ear Landmarks
• ________________
– Large flap of ear
• _____________
– Small flap anterior to EAM
• ________________
– Top of ear where glasses sit
Eye Landmarks
• ______________
– Points of outer and inner eye
• __________________
– Superior ridge of eye
• ___________________
– Inferior ridge of eye
Skull Lines
• __________________
– Glabella to EAM
• _______________
– Outer canthus to EAM
• ________________
– Infraorbital margin to EAM
Skull Lines
• ___________________
– Acanthion to EAM
• ___________________
– Closed lips to EAM
• ___________________
– Mental point to EAM
Watch out in skull imaging
• Watch positioning lines
– ____________
– ____________
• Pt condition
• _______________!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Imaging the Cranium
Routine
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PA Caldwell
AP Towne
Rt/Lt Lateral
Submentovertex (SMV)
70-80-kVp
40”SID
PA Caldwell
• Pt Prone
• ____________________
– No Rotation or Tilt
• _____________angle
• CR to exit ______________
PA Caldwell
• _____________should be in lower
_______________
• Lateral _____________equidistance from
lateral ____________
AP Towne
• Pt Supine
• _________________________
• _________angle for OML. _____for IOML
• CR to enter EAM line. ________________
AP Towne
• ________________equidistance to lateral
skull margin.
• ________________in foramen magnum
Rt/Lt Lateral
• Pt in ________________with head turned
in lateral
• ___________________
• ______________ perpendicular to front
edge of cassette
• CR directed ______________to EAM
Lateral
• Rotation – ________________of bilateral
structures
– EAM
– ________________
• Tilt – __________________
– EAM
– __________________
– Sphenoid Lesser Wings
Submentovertex (SMV)
• Various ways to get position
• ________________to cassette
• CR ________________midway between
____________ exits vertex
Sella Turcica
Routine
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•
•
•
AP Towne
Rt Lateral
70-80 kVp
40”SID
Sella
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AP Towne
____________to IR
____________
CR ____superciliary
arch
• Tighter collimation
• Lateral
• Regular lateral
position
• CR
_________________
to EAM
• Tight collimation