Transcript Germany

Warm Up – Page -95

Write the questions and answer
1. List 3 reasons people go to war
( personally opinion)
 2. Mind Dump- List 5 things you already
know about WWI
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Page 82
1.
 2.
 3.
 4.
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List
List
List
List
5 causes of WWI
3 new weapons.
the Allies.
The Central Powers.
Setting the Stage for War
No war for 30 years
2. The Steady Rise of Nationalism
o A unifying force within a country
o Intense competition between
nations for land and natural
resources
3. Germany began to challenge
Britain's superiority
4. Imperialism
5. Militarism – the policy of
glorifying military power and
keeping an army prepared of war
1.
Tangled Alliances
6. Growing international
rivalries had led to the
creation of several military
alliances among the Great
Powers starting in 1870
Germany,Austria-Hungary,
Great Britain, Russia, Italy and
France
Triple Alliance
 Triple
Alliance (1887)- Germany,
Austro-Hungary, Italy
 After Otto Van Bismarck, Kaiser Wilhelm
II became ruler of Germany
 Wanted to show Europe how
mighty Germany was
 Russia and France joined an
alliance against Germany
 Germany tried to beat Britain, by
attempting to build a stronger navy
 Britain joins an alliance with Russia
and France
Triple Entente 1907
 Triple
Entente 1907- France,
Russia and Britain
Crisis in the Balkans
 BY
the 1900’s the Ottoman Empire
was in rapid decline
 New nations had formed- Bulgaria,
Greece, Romania and Serbia
 Each nation and established
European nations began fighting
for power and territory in this
region
 Serbia proved to be a strong leader
and wanted to take over Austrian
territories
Review Questions

List 5 causes of WWI.
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 On
Crisis in the Balkans
June 28, 1914 Archduke
Ferdinand of Austro-Hungary
went to Sarajevo, capital of
Bosnia, and was assassinated
 He was assassinated by “The
Black Hand”, a secrete society
committed to ridding Bosnia of
Austrian rule
 Austria decided to use the
murders as an excuse to punish
Serbia
Crisis in the Balkans
 On
July 12, 1914 Austria
declared war on Serbia.
 Russia, Serbia's ally, started to
send troops to the Austrian
boarder
 Italy, Britain and Kaiser Wilhelm
(Germany) all urged them to
stop , but a war had begun
War
Consumes
Europe
The Alliance System Collapses
A
Chain Reaction
 Once
Austria declared war on
Serbia other European
countries began honoring
their alliances
On
August 1, Germany
declared war on Russia
and later France
Germany
Germany was ruled by Kaiser Wilhelm
 Schlieffen Plan- Since Germany was
now fighting a war on two Fronts a plan
was constructed
 First they would go west to fight
France, then east to fight Russia
 Germany wanted to be able to go
through Belgium to get to France, but
Belgium said no
 Germany declared war on Belgium
 Britain entered the war against
Germany

European Nations Take Sides
Central Powers
Allies
1. Germany
2. Austria-Hungary
3.Bulgaria
4. Ottoman Empire
1. Great Britain
2. France
3. Russia
4. Japan (weeks)
5. Italy ( 9months)
6. US ( 3 years)
 In
the late summer of 1914
millions of soldiers marched
happily off to war not knowing
what to expect
 Warfare had changed
Review
1.
2.
3.
4.
Who made up The Allies?
Who made up the Central Powers?
Who was the leader of Germany during
WWI?
What was the Schlieffen Plan and why
was it needed?
Western Front and Warfare
 As
the summer turned to winter
Germany’s plan for a quick
victory disappeared
 The deadlock between Germany
and northern France became
known as the Western Front
 Western Front= Terrain of
Death
WWI Warfare
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Trench Warfare- “The men slept in
mud, washed in mud, ate mud, and
dreamed mud”
–Rats
–No food
–No sleep
–Attacks – “over the top”
–Huge casualties
–1 day= 20,000 British troops
died
 Poison
WWI Warfare
Gas- French
 Machine Gun
 Tank
 1916
British
 Airplanes=
bombs and guns
 Submarines
 1914 Germans introduced Uboats
 Unrestricted warfare
 Torpedo
Airplanes
Tanks
WWI GUNS
Trench Warfare
Trench Warfare
Submarines
Poison Gas
Review Questions
1.
2.
3.
4.
List 3 news types of weapons.
Who fought on the western Front?
What was fighting like on the Western
Front?
Describe Trench Warfare
 Along
Eastern Front
German and Russian boarder
 At first Russia was winning
 Russia’s War Effort Weakens
 Russia was NOT industrialized
 Russian army was short on
clothes, food, guns,
ammo,boots……..
 Germans and Ottomans were able
to block off many Russian ports
 Huge population- over 2 million
Russians died in war
Austria- Hungary- 1,200,000
England-1,000,000
France- 1,400,000
Germany- 1,800,000
Russia- 1,900,000
US- 110,000
Total- 7,210,000
Allies
Central Powers
Review
1. Who fought on the Eastern Front?
 2. Who was wining on the Eastern
Front?

Warm Up
Pick
up your warm up off of
the overhead.
Page 120
20 minutes to finish
Warm up –Page 99
1. List 4 causes of WWI
 2. What are the dates for WWI?
 3. Whose assassination sparked WWI?
 4. Where is the Western Front located?
 5. Where is the Eastern Front located?
 6. How had warfare changed for WWI?
 7. Which countries made up the Allies?
 8. Which countries made up the Central
Powers?

War Affects
The
World
Setting the Stage
 By
1915 as war on both
European fronts promised to be
a grim, long affair all the Great
Powers looked for new allies
to tip the balance of power
and win.
A truly global Conflict
 Italy
joined the allies
 Bulgaria
joined the Central Powers
 In various parts of Africa and Asia,
Germany's colonial possessions
came under assault.
 Troops as well as laborers came
from India, South Africa, Egypt
and Indochina to fight
 Japan overran Germany colonies
in China and the Pacific islands
The US Enters the War
 In
1917 the war had shifted to the
seas
 In 1917 Germany tried to
counter Britain's blockade with
their own
 The Germans announced that they
would sink any ship in the waters
around Britain without warning
 Unrestricted submarine
warfare
The US Enters the War
 On
May 7 1915, a German
submarine, or U-boat, sank a
British passenger ship “The
Lusitanian “
1198
people killed
 The American public was outraged.
President Woodrow Wilson
demanded Germany stop
unrestricted warfare
Germany sank 3 American
Ships
The US Enters the War
 America
also intercepted a
telegraph saying Germany
promised Mexico they would
help them re-conquer America if
they helped Germany
Zimmermann
Telegraph
The US Enters the War
 On
April 2, 1917 President
Woodrow Wilson asked
Congress to declare war
Review Questions
1. List 2 reasons the US joined the war.
 2. Who was the US president during
WWI?
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War Effects the Home front
 WWI
was a total war- all resources
were dedicated to winning
 Millions
dead
 Factories turned to war plants
 Rationing of goods ( shoes, butter….)
 Unemployment
rate fell
 Anti War activity was stopped
 Propaganda was used to encourage
war support
 Women went to work to make up
for the loss of men
Women Went To Work
Propaganda
Review Questions
1.
2.
3.
What is propaganda?
List 3 ways the war changed the lives'
of civilians.
What is rationing?
The Allies Win the War
 America
entering the war tips
the scale towards the Allies
The Allies Win the War
Eastern Front
 Russia withdraws from the War
 By March 1917 civil unrest
–No food or fuel
 5.5 million soldiers dead or wounded
 Government was collapsing
 November 1917 Communist leader
Vladimir Ilyich Lenin seized power
 Singed a truce with GermanyTreaty of Brest-Litovsk
 Russia had to give up Finland,
Poland, Ukraine and Lithuania
Russians running from Germany troops
Review Questions
1. Which countries were fighting on the
Eastern Front?
 2. Who came to power in Russia during
the war?
 3. What did Russia lose by singing the
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk?
 4. Who won on the Eastern Front ?
Germany or Russia?
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The Allies Win the War
 Western Front
 Germany made one last push for
victory and came within 40 miles of
capturing Paris
 The Allies with 140,000 ( later 2
million more) fresh American troops
counterattacked
 Allies push towards Germany and the
Central Powers collapse
The Allies Win the War
 November
9, 1918 Kaiser
Wilhelm II was forced to step
down
 An Armistice, or agreement to
stop fighting was signed in Paris
 WWI ended on November 11,
1918
Review Questions
1. Who won on the Western Front?
 2. Which side won the war, Central
Powers or The Allies?

Create a war propaganda ad that will
encourage the citizens of your given country to
support the war efforts. It can be geared to all
citizens, or to a specific subset, such as civilians
or military members.
 Your ad must include both images and words
 It must be neat, colored and detailed
 Your ad must be specific to only YOUR given
country
 Possible countries: US, France, Britain, Russia
or Germany
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Flawed Peace
Background
 On
January 18, 1919, a
conference to establish peace
terms began at the Palace of
Versailles, outside Paris.
 For one year this conference would
be the scene of passionate debate
The Allies Meet at Versailles
 32
country's leaders met
 Big Four Woodrow
Wilson- US
 Georges Clamenceau - France
 David Lloyd George- England
 Vittorio Orlando- Italy
Wilson’s 14 points

Woodrow Wilson came up with the
Fourteen Points, which outlined a plan
for achieving a just and lasting peace
 End to secret treaties
 Freedom of seas, trade
 Adjustment of colonial territories,
to favor the colonial people
 Changing borders and creating new
nations
point - a general group or
 14th
association of nations that would
protect all states . ( peace
The
main idea behind
Wilson’s 14 Points was the
idea of selfdetermination
allowing people to
deicide for themselves

The Allies Dictate a Harsh Peace
 France
was determined to punish
Germany very harshly
 On June 28, 1919 the Treaty of
Versailles was signed
 Germany
lost substantial territory and
had military restrictions
 Germany was to blame for the war“war guilt”
 Germany had to pay for all the damage
– 33 Billion in reparations
 Germany lost all of their territories
14th Points- League of Nations
 League
of Nations- Adopted
from Wilson’s 14th point International
peace group
 The 5 allied powers were to be
permanent members of the
executive council
–US,Great Britain, France, Italy and
Japan
 32
allied and neutral countries
would sit on the committee
 Germany was left out
 Russia was left out
The creation of new nations
 Other
treaties were also signed
with Austria- Hungary and
the Ottoman empire, all
resulted in the loss of territory
 Austria-Hungary=
Austria,
Hungary,
Czechoslovakia,Yugoslavia
 Ottoman Empire= Palestine,
Iraq, Syria, Lebanon
 Russia- Finland, Estonia, Latvia and
Lithuania all became independent
nations
“ A peace Built on Quicksand”
America refused to sign the treaty and
decided to just stay out of European
affairs
 Germans were very angry, b/c they
were blamed for the war
 Colonial participation in the war,
increased colonial demands for
independence
 Japan and Italy did not gain as much
territory as they wanted and were bitter
 The League of Nations was very weak

The Legacy of War
New technology
 8.5 million soldiers dead
 21 million wounded
 Many civilians died of starvation,
disease and slaughter
 War cost 338 billion dollars
 Acres of land was destroyed
 Italy, Japan, Russia and Germany
are all very unhappy
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Review Questions
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10.
Where were the meetings held?
Who was the US representative at the meeting?
List 2 things Wilson hoped to achieve during the meeting.
List 3 ways Germany was punished by The Treaty of
Versailles.
What was the League of Nations?
List 1 flaw of the League of Nations.
What happened to Austria-Hungry and The Ottoman
Empire?
Why was Germany so angry about The Treaty of
Versailles?
Why were Italy and Japan angry about The Treaty of
Versailles?
Why was The League of Nations so weak?
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