Transcript Imperialism and Nationalism - nehs-ball

Nationalism and Imperialism
In the 19th Century
A. Nationalism
• 1. Definition
– a. Devotion to one’s national group
– b. Does not always mean the COUNTRY you
come from
VS
B. Nation
• 1. Definition
– a. A large aggregate of people united by
common descent, history, culture, or
language, inhabiting a particular country or
territory.
• 2. Put it in your own words
– a.___________________________________
C. Liberalism
• 1. Definition
– a. a political orientation that favors social
progress by reform and by changing laws
rather than by revolution
• 2. In your own words
• a. People should be able to do whatever they want as
long as it does not hurt others
D. Factors
• 1. Most nations in Europe did not have
their own countries
– a. Wanted to be united based on their
similarities NOT land ownership
– b. Similarities
• 1. Common Language
• 2. Common Culture
• 3. Similar background
1800
1900
February 25th, 2014
• Do Now: What are the 6 parts of
Nationalism? Why are people going to be
more devoted to their Nation – not
necessarily their government?
SWBAT evaluate and analyze the need for nationalism in the uncertain times of the 19th
century. They will study the countries of Italy, Austria, Hungary, the Ottoman Empire,
Germany and Russia IOT see how nationalism and imperialism affected these countries
as well as the countries in Africa, and South and Central America. Students will see how
the events during this time period have set the world up for the events of World War I
and many things that happen is our world today
E. Italy
• 1. Congress of Vienna
– a. Spilt up Italy, some of it
falling under
Austrian Rule
– b. European nationalist
groups fought for
their freedom from
their leaders
SWBAT evaluate and analyze the need for nationalism in the uncertain times of the 19th
century. They will study the countries of Italy, Austria, Hungary, the Ottoman Empire,
Germany and Russia IOT see how nationalism and imperialism affected these countries
as well as the countries in Africa, and South and Central America. Students will see how
the events during this time period have set the world up for the events of World War I
E. Italy (cont’d)
• 2. Unification Movement
– a. 2 Movements
• Young Italy
• Italian Unification Movement
SWBAT evaluate and analyze the need for nationalism in the uncertain times of the 19th
century. They will study the countries of Italy, Austria, Hungary, the Ottoman Empire,
Germany and Russia IOT see how nationalism and imperialism affected these countries
as well as the countries in Africa, and South and Central America. Students will see how
the events during this time period have set the world up for the events of World War I
and many things that happen is our world today
E. Italy (cont’d)
• 2. Unification Movement
– b. 1848 Revolutions
• 1. In Italy they were inspired by the French and British
who Revolted first
• 2. Piedmont
– a. Italian city that was controlled by Austrian Rule after the
Congress of Vienna
– b. Former king declares war on Austrian Rule – They do not win
the war
» 1. Learned that they need to unify to win against their rulers!
SWBAT evaluate and analyze the need for nationalism in the uncertain times of the 19th
century. They will study the countries of Italy, Austria, Hungary, the Ottoman Empire,
Germany and Russia IOT see how nationalism and imperialism affected these countries
as well as the countries in Africa, and South and Central America. Students will see how
the events during this time period have set the world up for the events of World War I
and many things that happen is our world today
E. Italy
• 3. Red Shirts
– a. Lead by the group Young Italy
– b. Named after their uniforms
– c. Formed the Kingdom of Italy
• All of the Southern States of Italy
• Joined with the Northern States in 1870
SWBAT evaluate and analyze the need for nationalism in the uncertain times of the 19th
century. They will study the countries of Italy, Austria, Hungary, the Ottoman Empire,
Germany and Russia IOT see how nationalism and imperialism affected these countries
as well as the countries in Africa, and South and Central America. Students will see how
the events during this time period have set the world up for the events of World War I
and many things that happen is our world today
E. Italy (cont’d)
• 4. Problems with the Catholic Church
– a. Did not want ‘their’ people voting
– b. Did not recognize the kingdom as a country
– c. Did not agree with where the power lied
SWBAT evaluate and analyze the need for nationalism in the uncertain times of the 19th
century. They will study the countries of Italy, Austria, Hungary, the Ottoman Empire,
Germany and Russia IOT see how nationalism and imperialism affected these countries
as well as the countries in Africa, and South and Central America. Students will see how
the events during this time period have set the world up for the events of World War I
and many things that happen is our world today
F. Germany
• 1. Confederation
– a. 39 Separate States
– b. Shared language and Culture
• 2. Zollverein - 1834
– a. First step towards unification
– b. Removed taxes of goods traded between
the 39 German States
– c. Joined German states economically
F. Germany
• 3. Otto von Bismarck
– a. 1862 – Prime Minister
of Prussia State
– b. Lead the Unification
Movement
– c. Realpolitik
• Base government on what really can be done not
what you would like to happen
– d. Built up the Prussian Army to help with the
Unification
F. Germany
• 4. Austro-Prussian War
– a. 7 week war between
Austrian Kingdom and
Prussian Kingdom
– b. Outcome – Joined the northern States
• 5. Franco–Prussian War
– a. Over the territory of Alsace and Lorraine
located between France and Germany
– b. Unified all of Germany
G. Austria-Hungary
• 1. Carlsbad
– a. Created censorship in Austria
– b. Keep power over their subjects
• 2. Dual Monarchy
– a. Austrian leader Franz Joseph I signed a
treaty with Hungary after A-P war
• 1. Compromise of 1867
• 2. Joined together under Austrian King
– b. Problems
• 1. Austrians believed they were above Hungarians
H. Ottoman Empire
• 1. Declining Empire
– a. “Eastern Question” –
• 1. What will happen if this empire fell?
– b. Can it hurt the rest of the continent?
• 2. Young Turks
– a. Group of teens who wanted Turkey to be its
own country
– b. End the empire
I. Russia
• 1. Development
– a. Size
– b. Temperature
• 2. Alexander II
– a. Feudal System
• 1. Serfs
• 3. Alexander III
– a. Cancelled all reforms
– b. Began building the Trans-Siberian Railroad
• 4. Trans-Siberian Railroad
– a. Built from 1890 – 1916
– b. Allowed for the transportation of goods, people and objects
– c. Connected the countries as a whole
Nationalism in Europe
Region
ITALY
Positive Effects
1. States freed from Austria
2. States unified as kingdom
Negative Effects
1. Ethnic conflicts continued
2. Catholic Church refused to
recognize Italy as a nation
AUSTRIAN 1. Dual Monarchy gave Austria
EMPIRE
and Hungary equal status
2. Laws passed to end ethnic
discrimination
1. Ethnic conflicts continued
2. Anti-discrimination laws were
ineffective
OTTOMAN
EMPIRE
1. Series of wars destroyed population
and resources
1. Many territories gained
independence
GERMANY 1. Unified country
1. Conflict between Catholic Church
2. Federalist government
and gov
developed with power shared 2. Formed European alliances that
between state and national
would ultimately lead to war
gov
3. Economy improved
RUSSIA
1. Nicholas II passed
democratic reforms
2. New constitution promised
individual liberties
1. Protesters killed in Bloody Sunday
attack
2. Pogrom of Jews claimed 150,000
lives
J. Imperialism
• 1. Definition
– A policy of extending a country's
power and influence through
diplomacy or military force.
– In your own words: The idea that
one country takes over another
based on racism or because they
are more advanced or Social
Darwinism
• 2. Economics
– Raw materials from colonies
– Control of sources
• Indonesian rubber
• Germany developed synthetic dyes
K. Imperialism in Africa
• 1. Berlin Conferences
- 1884
– a. Meeting in Berlin,
Germany
– b. European Nations
came together to
stake their claims
on African land
based on raw
materials
K. Imperialism in Africa
• 2. Boer
– a. People from the
Netherlands who settled in
Southern Africa to farm
– b. War – 1889
• 1. Between the British
Invaders from the North
and those that lived there
• 2. British Won and took
control of the land
• 3. British Control in South
– a. Zulu people
– b. Shaka
– c. 1879
L. Imperialism in India
• 1. British East India
Company – 1800
– a. Began as a trade
organization between
England, East Asia and
India
– b. Decline of the Mughal
Empire
– c. Introduced new
language, education and
WEAPONS
– d. Banned traditional
beliefs
– e. Called British “Raj”
L. Imperialism in India
• 2. Sepoy Mutiny
(Northern India)
– a. New weapons used
pork and beef fat in
them
– b. Sepoy people
rebelled against their
controllers
– c. British won and took
complete control of the
area
– d. “Jewel in Crown”
M. The Power of Empire
• Political system in the colonies?
• Lifestyle changes in the colonies?
• Moral issues
– Slavery
The Power of Empire
• Slavery
– British Empire versus Brazil (1850-1851)
• Blockage of Brazilian ports
– British Empire versus Zanzibar (1873)
• Threatened destruction of capital
• Did Britain have the right to enforce their
opinion of moral values?
• What about American involvement in Iraq?