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Major European Powers in early 19th century
Prussia
Russia
Britain
France
Austria
Ottoman
Europe Today
1. Once the European political and cultural
centre ; its leading position replaced by
Germany.
2. always at war with other powers;
wanted to ally with other countries
3. Always scrambled for overseas colonies
with Great Britain ; became British ally.
1. conservative and economically
backward
2. Troubled by racial problems within the
country.
3. After 1879, expanded into the Balkan
Peninsula, making conflicts with Serbia
and Russia.
1. The most democratic government ; with the
strongest naval force and the largest colonial
empire.
2. The strongest maritime empire ; the
wealthiest country
3. Kept away from the European continent;
looking for allies
1. The most absolute and backward
country
2. always in poor relationship with others,
especially Great Britain
3. An aggressive state, always expanding
into the Balkan Peninsula
1. A “Geographical Expression” until
1870.
2. The weakest power
1. Small states until Prussia unified the
country.
2. built up an alliance system to isolate
France
3. became stronger and wealthier,
challenging Britain and provoking disputes
with others
1. Once a strong Muslim state; A “Sick
Man of Europe”
2. troubled by Orthodox and Great
Powers
3. The Balkan Peninsula became the hot
pot
In the early 19th century, most of the
countries were ruled by absolute kings.
They were threatened by the French
Revolution, because Napoleon spread
the ideas of liberty, equality and
fraternity throughout Europe.
The most democratic
government ; with the
strongest naval force
and the largest colonial
empire.
Once the European
political and cultural
centre , always
scrambled for
overseas colonies
A “Geographical
Expression”
A newly-rise
military state
The most absolute and
backward country,
always in poor
relationship with
others, especially
Great Britain
conservative and
economically
backward Power
Once a strong Muslim state; now a
“Sick Man of Europe”
By 1870 Italy and Germany were unified.
France and Austria were to decline. Russia
was busy with reforms. Britain kept a
distance from Europe. Germany became
the strongest power. Her rise changed the
situation in Europe and worsened the
relationship among the Powers.
Group Discussion
Divide yourselves into groups of seven; spend 20
minutes to discuss the following questions:
Amongst the major powers,
1. Which one was the strongest?
2. Which one was the prey of others?
3. Which countries would be against each other?
4. Which countries would ally with others?
5. Which countries wanted to change the status
quo?
6. Which power would be mostly related to the
outbreak of the First World War?