Transcript Ap Euro Seminar

AP EURO SEMINAR
By Madison McCorkle
PROMPT
Analyze the factors responsible for
decolonization since the Second World
War
DEFINITION
Decolonization- To free (a colony) from
dependent states
Neocolonialism- A policy whereby a major power
uses economic and political means to perpetuate or
extend its influence over underdeveloped nations or
areas
DECOLONIZATION
 The decolonization was the
 This new self-determination
most basic cause of the imperial
spread rapidly throughout the
collapse.
colonial territories and prepared
 In this time the Asian and
the colonies for their
African people wanted national
independent movements.
self-determination, racial
equality, and personal dignity.
INDIA
 India was Britain's oldest,
 A British-educated lawyer
largest and most profitable non-
named Monhandas “Mahatma”
white landmark. Because of this
India played a large role in the
decolonization.
 After the first world war the
leadership that Britain held over
India was decreasing.
Gandhi built a national
movement in which he preached
nonviolent and noncooperation
with the British empire.
INDIA CONT.
 In 1935 Gandhi fought the
British empire for a new
constitution that supported
 On August 15, 1947 India gained its
independence and was a free country.
 The last obstacle in the way of
India becoming a country was the
India's independence.
conflict between Hindu India and
 In 1945 the labor party
Muslim India.
stepped in and said that India
was finically crippling Britain.
 It was then fixed and the state was
split into two different parts Hindu
India and Muslim Pakistan.
CHINA
 Chinese nationalism was based
 In 1927 a man named Chiang
off of Marxist-Leninist ideas.
Kai-shek, the successor and
 In 1920 the alliance of
leader of Kuomintang, parted
nationalist forces within the pro-
with the more communist allies,
soviet Kuomintang was trying to
lead by Mao Zedong, and tried
unify china and get rid of any
to destroy them.
European connections.
CHINA CONT.
 War erupted between the two
 Because of the war, in 1945 the
people Mao and Chiang, which led
citizen of china erupted in a civil war.
to the beginning of china’s
independence.
During this war Stalin gave Mao
support while America gave Chiang
more support.
 In 1931 Mao and his army
 After winning the support of the
marched 5,000 miles to the north to
peasants, Mao then forced Chiang and
escape from the Kuomintang
his nationalist to the island of Taiwan
armies. Mao then built an
in 1949.
independent base.
CHINA CONT.
 Mao and his fellow communists then united all 550 million citizens
into a strong central state.
 He then expelled any foreigners and began building a new society.
 This new society was on of the main role models to the smaller
counties around the world.
FRANCE
 France tried to maintain control in Indochina but were defeated by
Ho Chin Minh who was a communist, nationalist, and supporter of
the soviet union and china.
 France also lost a crucial landmark, Algeria, in which they lost tons
of money.
MIDDLE EAST
 In 1944 after the French gave up
 When Palestine was split into two
their hold over the countries of Syria
the Jewish people made there part of
and Lebanon, the middle east began to
the city into Israel. They were forever
fight amongst themselves to claim land.
known as the Israelis.
 Jewish people and Arab people
 The Israelis fought against the
both wanted Palestine and a
Arabs. The Arabs lost many people
compromise was made, that Palestine
and fled the city of Israel and from
would be split in two. But the Arab
them on there was always a hatred for
people did not want that and attacked
each other that would bring about war
the Jewish people.
even to today.
AFRICA
 After the Arabs defeat in 1948 it
 The British, French and Middle
created a powerful nationalist
eastern countries all invaded Egypt. But
revolution in Egypt .
were all stopped when America joined
 An officer named Gamal Abdel
forces with the Soviets to let Egypt
Nasser nationalized the foreign-owned
become independent.
Suez canal company which was the last
 Nasser and the anti-western
symbol of the European control in the
Egyptian nationalism were victorious.
Middle East/African countries.
AFRICA CONT.
 In Algeria the most of the
population was French, and this
worked well for France because
 The war in Algeria was long,
bloody, and dirty. But in the end
General de Gaulle, who was in power
at the beginning of the war, agreed to
they were able to gain control
the Algerian self-determination.
longer.
 After France ruling almost a
 Algeria wanted to be
century in Algeria, they gained their
independent but because the
French was still in Algeria it caused
war.
independence and all the remaining
French citizen returned home.