Transcript Spotlight on Turkey - Clark County Courts

SPOTLIGHT ON TURKEY
BRINGING TURKEY INTO THE
CLASSROOM: IMAGES OF TURKEY
PAST AND PRESENT
DR. LINDA MILLER
Images of the Past and the
Present
• There are historical remnants of the past
from prehistoric times, Romans,
Byzantines, and Ottomans up to modern
day Turkey.
Turkey and the World
Ancient Ruins of Past
Civilizations
• Ephesus: one of the
Seven Wonders of
Antiquity, the Temple
of Artemis is here.
Cleopatra spent the
winter of 188
here.The first church
dedicated to the
Virgin Mary was built
here.
• The Hippodrome of
Constantinople was a circus
that was the sporting and
social center of the Byzantine
Empire. Today it is a square
named Sultan Ahmet Square.
Today only a few fragments
remain which include the
Walled Obelisk and Thutmosis’
Obelisk pictured here.
• Roman arena at
Aspendos.
Caravan Station
• Cappadocia served
as an important
trading post and
bridge between the
various lands of the
Silk Road.
LANDMARKS
• View of ancient walls with
Golden Horn and Sea of
Marmara with the Bosphorus in
sight from the Topkapi
Museum in Istanbul which was
the official and primary
residence of the Ottoman
Sultans from 1465-1853.
This was the view that
Justinian had as he pondered
whether to flee during the Nika
Revolt.
Landmarks
• Spice Bazaar is one of
the oldest bazaars in the
city. Spices were
imported via Egypt in the
Ottoman period and thus
the name “Egyptian
Bazaar”. It is still the
center for spice trade in
Istanbul. The building is
“L” shaped with 88
vaulted rooms divided
into upper and lower
stories.
Landmarks: Hagia Sophia
Hagia Sophia
Hagia Sophia
One of the greatest monuments of Byzantine civilization, it
was built in the 6th century. Since it was used as a
mosque for almost 500 years after 1453, Islamic
structures such as minarets built on the corners of the
main edifice have given the Hagia Sophia a mosque like
appearance. The bronze candelabras in front of the altar
were brought from Hungary by Suleyman the
Magnificent. The library was built during the Ottoman
period in the reign of Sultan Mahmud I in 1739. In 1935 it
was converted into a museum and is one of the two most
popular museums today.
Culture
• Women entering
mosque must cover
heads and remove
shoes/ put on
slippers.
Whirling Dervishes
• The whirling dance or
Sufi whirling is the
practice of the Mevlevi
Order in Turkey and is
part of a formal ceremony
known as the Sema. It is
performed to try to reach
religious ecstasy. This
practice though not
intended as
entertainment has
become a tourist
attraction in Turkey.
Geography
Izmir (the ancient and medieval city
of Smyrna) was established at least
5,000 years ago. Parchment paper
was first invented in the district of
Izmir. The earliest temple dedicated
to the goddess Athena was
constructed here.
Today it is the 3rd most populous
city of Turkey and the country’s
largest port after Istanbul. It is
located on the Aegean Sea near
the Gulf of Izmir
Cappadocia:World
Heritage Site by
UNESCO
Means land of Beautiful horse in
the Persian language. Millions of
years ago volcanoes erupted and
covered Cappadocia with a layer of
tuff. Over the millennia the tuff was
eroded and produced formations
that inspired cave art. The earliest
human settlements date to the
Palaeolithic Period and written
history goes to the Hittites. Wind
and rain flowed down the side of
the valley and eroded and sculpted
the “fairy chimneys” (conical rock
topped with a cone or mushroom
cap).
Following the arrival of Islam in
Anatolia, Cappadocia became
home for several famous Muslim
scholars. In the 13th Cen the
Turkish Islam Sufi Haci Bektuil Veli
settled and today there is a
museum dedicated to him.
Economy/Arts: weaving of rugs
• Seljuk patterns are
dominant in ancient
carpets woven with root
dyes. Patterns from
surrounding regions are
also woven.
• Local handicraft rag dolls
reflect the warmth of the
region with colorful
designs and costume.
Tourism: Balooning
• Balloon trips have
become more popular
since the Ballooning
championship that was
organized in 1997. They
leave in the early hours of
the morning and can soar
upwards of 3000 feet.
Ballooning: from a Balloon
(photo by Ken)
Wine Country
• Local wines are
produced either in the
old method or by new
modern technology.
Here we are enjoying
a local wine sampling
with lunch.
Relevant World History
Standards
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ERA 4 Standard 2C (5-12)The student understands the consolidation of the
Byzantine state in the context of expanding Islamic civilization.
(9-12) Compare Byzantine imperial policy with that of the Abbasid State.
Evaluate the Byzantine role in preserving and transmitting ancient Greek
legacy.
ERA 5 Standard 1C The student understands how pastoral migrations and
religious reform movements between 11-13th centuries contributed to the
rise of new states and the expansion of Islam.
Assess sufiism as an important dimension of Islamic faith and practice and
how it enriched Muslim life and contributed to Islamic expansion.
Evaluate scientific, artistic and literary achievements of Islamic culture.
Standard 5 C Analyze the origins of early expansion of the Ottoman state
up to the capture of Constantinople
Resources
• These pictures were taken during my trip
to Turkey in May 2010 with People to
People International. Another one of our
travelers posted his pictures on :
• http://www.facebook.com/album.php?aid=
175625&id=49333154670&1=d13cd991e9
• More information on the Byzantine Empire
can be found in my teaching unit: “The
Byzantine Empire in the Age of Justinian”
by NCHS at UCLA.
Relevant World History
Standards Continued
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ERA 6 Standard 1 B The student understands the encounters between Europeans
and peoples of sub-Saharan Africa, Asia and the Americas in the late 15th-early 16th
century (success of Ottomans).
Standard 3 B The student understands how European and SW Asia became unified
under the Ottoman empire.
ERA 7 Standard 3 A The student understands how the Ottoman Empire attempted to
meet the challenge of western military, political and economic power.
ERA 8 Standard 1 B The student understands the causes and consequences of
important resistance and revolutionary movements in the early 20th century.
Analyze the efforts of the revolutionary government of the Young Turks to reform
Ottoman government and society.
Standard 3 A The student understands post war efforts to achieve lasting peace and
social and economic recovery. (explain the collapse of the Ottoman empire and the
creation of new states that affected relations in the Middle East and Europe.
ERA 9 Major global trends since World War II.