Transcript File - Mr. Gesualdo

Causes of WWI
G-pedia
During the time of World War I, there were many defensive
alliances. For example, When Austria-Hungry declared war on
Serbia, Russia got involved to defend Serbia. This occured in
many countries causing a World War. Also imperialism,
militarism, and nationalism had a big part in causing
WWI. Militarism caused each country to create a strong army,
when they saw that other near by countries were building there
up, creating a standing army. Many countries during this time
wanted to imperialize, for wealth and power. This increased
competition for land caused confrontation between countries.
People had a lot of pride for their countries (Nationalism). This
made people want to fight for their country, increasing the
troops in their Amred Forces, and making them ready for war.
Content
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4.
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6.
7.
Militarism
Alliances
Imperialism
Nationalism
Schlieffen Plan
Warfare
References
1914
Soldiers Fighting in WWI
Date Started: July 28th 1914
Date Ended: Nov. 11, 1918
Casualties: over 35 Million
Total (civilians included)
Militarism is the glorification of one country's army, and their readiness
to go into war if need be.
G-pedia
There was fierce competition between Germany and France. When Germany started
to build up their navy, Great Britain was filled with the fear of Germany attacking them.
Once Great Britain started to build up their Navy as well, Germany saw this and wasn't
pleased with it at all. Both were ready to fight, even though the building of
Germany's Navy had nothing to do with Great Britain in the first place. Competition
for colonies stirs mistrust among European nations. Mutual animosity spurs
European countries to engage in arms race.
.
Propaganda posters like so, were used:
Alliances are agreements between two countries to protect one
another.
The goal of an alliance is to protect each other. Alliance also means a friendship. It is
basically saying, "I won't attack you, if you don't attack me."
The alliance with Russia dropped and Russia then became allies with France.
G-pedia
BEFORE WWI, Russia and Serbia were alliances. Also, Germany and AustriaHungary, France and Russia, Britain France and Belgium, and Japan and Britian were
all alliances. Bosnia had land that both Serbia and Austria wanted. Serbia and Bosnia
were both part of Slavs so Bosnia would rather have Serbia take over their land than
Austria.
In 1907, Britian, France and Russia formed the Triple Entente.
Other alliances are The Dual Alliance, Austro-Serbian Alliance, the Triple Alliance,
and the Franco-Russian alliance
Imperialism is a policy of extending a country's power and influence
through military of diplomacy force.
G-pedia
An example of this is when the European countries took over most of Africa for
resources, power, and labor. By 1900, British Empire extended over five continents and
France had control of many large lands in Africa. The amount of lands "owned" by
Britain and France increased rivalry with Germany in the fight for imperialism. There
were positive and negative effects of imperialism during this time. Some of the positive
effects were that the bigger countries showed the smaller countries new inventions
such as the telegraph and the newspapers and schools. They also made bridges and
improved the roads and railways.
There were also negative effects of imperialism. The people from the smaller countries
had no freedom and had to follow the rules of the mother country. The Africans were
used as slaves because the people of the mother countries were white so they thought
they were naturally superior to them. This is also known as Social Darwinism. Britain
expanded control over India. Britain considerered India its "Jewel on the Crown."
Nationalism is a devotion and loyalty to one's own nation; patriotism. Pride
in one's country.
Nationalism in the Balkans leads many groups to demand independence
growing nationalism leads to competition among nations.
Europe enjoys peace in late 1800's but the problems lie below the surface meaning
G-pedia
An example of this is Germany was very nationalistic and wanted to prove they were
better than everyone else so they built up their navy bigger than Britian's. This also
ties into militariasm because they were trying to make their navy and wepons bigger
and better. (Mr.Gesualdo's class notes) Europe enjoys peace but in the late 1800s
problems arise. Growing nationalism leads to competition among nations. Nationalism
in the Balkans leads many groups to demand independence.
Warfare
Trenches: Trench Warfare was a new type of combat commonly used in
WWI, that was efficient but caused men's feet to rot away because of the
water that settled at the bottom of the trenches. From standing in this cold
water for hours, feet were rotted away, and needed to be amputated.
G-pedia
During World War I the soilders used rifles, pistols, machine guns,
bayonets, torpedoes, flame throwers, artillery, and smokeless
gunpowder. These weapons were used in the trenches, Zeppelins,
planes, boats, and tanks. Bayonets were used by the French and the
bolt-action rifles by the British. The bayonet was upgraded to the
machine gun which was the main weapons used by the soilders.
Artillery, or mounted field guns that weighed more then 900 pounds
and need crews of 12 men, were also used
Chemical Warfare: WWI also started the use of gasses. The two main types
of gasses used were; Mustard Gas, and Chlorine Gas. Mustard gas was
deadly. It was odorless, so enemies could not tell if they were being gased.
Mustard gas caused skin blisters, eye sores, vomiting, and internal/external
bleeding. It can last up to five weeks. Chlorine gas has a smell of pepper
and pineapple. Victims experienced chest pains, burning throat, and
suffocation. It can last up to 48 hours.
Schlieffen Plan
The Schlieffen Plan was a plan thought
out by Germany to attack, and defeat
France, then turn around and defeat
Russia. Germany decided to quickly
advance to the outskirts of Paris, ready for
attack. This plan didn't work, and Germany
was defeated at the first Battle of Marne
against France. Whilst France and
Germany were fighting in the Eastern
Front, the Russians came in and attacked
them on the Western Front. This is called a
Two Front war.
Crisis in The Balkans
In the early 1900s the Austro-Hungarian empire and Serbia both wanted to take over the
Slavic people on the Balkan Peninsula. Serbia wanted the land because they were Slavs
like the people on the Balkan peninsula. Austria- Hungary just wanted the land so they
could expand thier land. The people on the Balkans wanted to be left alone.
In 1908 Austria-Hungary Annexed Bosnia and Herzegovnia. The Serbians were very
angry. On June 28, 1914, a Serbian rebel murdered the Austo-Hungrain archduke and his
wife. Austria declared war on Serbia and the Russians declared war on Austria siuce they
were allied to the Serbs. This started WW1.
References
http://europeanhistory.about.com/od/worldwar1/f/faqww1start.htm
http://www.researchhistory.org/tag/britain-enters-wwi/
http://americanhistory.about.com/od/worldwari/tp/causes-of-world-war-1.htm
G-pedia
http://myweb.lmu.edu/jdevine/talks/KismMilitary.htm
World History: patterns of interaction, Chapter 29, Section 1
http://libcom.org/library/nationalism-further-reading-guide
World History Chapter 27 sec 1
http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/FWWcasualties.htm
http://americanhistory.about.com/od/worldwari/tp/causes-of-world-war-1.htm
http://www.historyonthenet.com/WW1/causes.htm#Militarism
http://www.fresno.k12.ca.us/divdept/sscience/history/imperialism_colonialism.ht
m
Mr. Gesualdo"s Class Notes