Transcript Step Up To: Psychology

Step Up To: Psychology
Neuro-Bio
Psychology, Eighth Edition
By David G. Myers
Chapter 2: Neuroscience and Behavior
That Smarts!
It’s all in your
head.
The Systems
You’re on, Neuron!
Potpourri
1. Branching fibers extending out from the
cell body to receive information from other
neurons are called:
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A) axons.
B) glial cells.
C) dendrites.
D) axon terminals.
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2. ___ wrap(s) many axons,
insulating them and speeding their
impulses.
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A) Sodium ions
B) Myelin
C) Glial cells
D) Potassium ions
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3. The brief electrical impulse
transmitted along the axon is called the:
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A) action potential.
B) stimulus threshold.
C) electrical cascade.
D) sodium pump.
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4. After neurotransmitters are released
into the synapse, many are reabsorbed
through a process called:
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A) synaptic transmission.
B) reuptake.
C) all-or-none.
D) reabsorption.
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5.
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The neurotransmitter ___ is important
in memory. Depletion of it is found in
those with Alzheimer’s
A) dopamine
B) GABA
C) serotonin
D) acetylcholine
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6. The device called a(n) ___ provides
moment-by-moment images of the brain’s
changing activity and is noninvasive.
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A) EEG
B) PET scan
C) MRI
D) fMRI
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7. The ___ receives information from all
the senses except smell.
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A) hippocampus
B) amygdala
C) thalamus
D) angular gyrus
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8. The ____ is located at the back of the
brain and is responsible for muscle
coordination, posture and equilibrium.
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A) corpus callosum
B) reticular formation
C) pons
D) cerebellum
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9. These make up most of the cerebral
cortex, and enable learning, memory and
integrating information.
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A) reticular formations
B) projection areas
C) association areas
D) temporal lobes
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10. Auditory information is received
and processed in the:
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A) somatosensory cortex.
B) temporal lobe.
C) parietal lobe.
D) frontal lobe.
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11. An impaired use of language due
to a brain lesion is known as:
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A) tomography.
B) aphasia.
C) plasticity.
D) phrenology.
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12. The ability of one part of the brain to
take over the function of another in case
of injury is called:
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A) plasticity.
B) neurogenesis.
C) brain reintegration.
D) neural net reformation.
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13. After Sam’s stroke, he had difficulty
speaking, but could understand what
others were saying to him. He likely
had damage to:
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A) Wernicke’s Area.
B) Broca’s Area.
C) his Thalamus.
D) his parietal lobe.
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14. After a sky-diving accident, Laurie was
unable to make sense of other people’s
speech. It is likely that her cortex was
damaged in:
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A) the sensory area.
B) Broca’s area.
C) the angular gyrus.
D) Wernicke’s area.
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15. In a recent car accident, Justin sustained
damage to his right cerebral hemisphere.
This injury is most likely to reduce his ability
to:
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A) tell an angry face from a happy one.
B) solve arithmetic problems.
C) speak clearly.
D) process information quickly.
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16. In order for you to experience the pain of
being stuck with a pin, ___ must first relay
messages from your ankle to your central
nervous system.
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A) the limbic system
B) interneurons
C) sensory neurons
D) the reticular formation
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17. When you’re stressed and your heart
races, perspiration increases and pupils
dilate, the ___ is activated.
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A) somatic nervous system
B) parasympathetic branch
C) sympathetic branch
D) spinal reflex
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18. James touched a hot stove. His hand
immediately recoiled before he knew it was
hot. The sequence of this reflex is:
• A) sensory neurons, interneurons, motor
neurons.
• B) sensory neurons, motor neurons,
interneurons.
• C) interneurons, sensory neurons,
motor
neurons.
• D) interneurons, motor neurons,
sensory
neurons.
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19. The ____ system is made up of
glands which secret ___ into the
bloodstream.
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A) peripheral nervous; antagonists
B) sympathetic; neurotransmitters
C) autonomic; action potentials
D) endocrine; hormones
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20. Curare is a poison people use to
paralyze animals when hunting. It is
therefore an ____ which inhibits the
neurotransmitter ____.
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A) antagonist; acetylcholine
B) agonist; dopamine
C) antagonist; serotonin
D) agonist; GABA
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21. This device is often used to diagnose
seizure activity by recording electrical
activity of the brain:
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A) brain lesion.
B) EEG.
C) PET scan.
D) MRI.
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22. A person with a “split brain” had
surgery to cut the:
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A) frontal lobe.
B) corpus callosum.
C) sensory from the motor strip.
D) cerebellum from the cerebral
cortex.
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23. The person most likely to suggest that the
shape of a person’s skull indicates the extent to
which that individual is argumentative and
aggressive would be a:
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A) neurologist.
B) behavior geneticist.
C) psychoanalyst.
D) phrenologist.
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24: Phineas Gage had extensive damage to
his ____ of the brain, effecting his ____.
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A) frontal lobe; personality
B) right hemisphere; speech
C) left temporal lobe; reasoning
D) cerebellum; coordination
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25. Stimulate this area in a cat, and it will
either fear a mouse or become extremely
aggressive.
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A) hippocampus.
B) hypothalamus.
C) amygdala.
D) thalamus.
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Answers
1.
C
9.
C
17.
C
2.
B
10.
C
18.
A
3.
A
11.
B
19.
D
4.
B
12.
A
20.
A
5.
D
13.
B
21.
B
6.
D
14.
D
22.
B
7.
C
15.
A
23.
D
8.
D
16.
C
24.
A
25.
C