Transcript What does it do?

What does it do?
Breaks down food and drink into
smaller pieces so the body can use them
to build and nourish cells and to
provide energy.
Common problems/injuries?
Heartburn (acid reflux), ulcers,
gallstones, IBS, constipation, Crohn’s
disease
Pharynx
Mouth
Esophagus
Stomach
Large Intestine
Rectum
Small Intestine
What does it do?
• Sensory neurons take information from the
eyes, ears, nose, tongue, and skin to the
brain.
• Motor neurons carry messages away from
the brain and back to the rest of the body.
Common problems/injuries?
Brain tumors, cerebral palsy, epilepsy,
concussions, meningitis, mental illnesses,
migraines
The Nervous System
Is divided into 2 sections
Central Nervous System
Cerebrum – 85% of the brain, controls
thinking, long- and shortterm memory.
Cerebellum – located at the back of the
brain, controls balance.
Spinal Cord – connects neurons to the
brain
Peripheral
Nervous System
Made up of huge network of
interconnecting neurons across the body.
Cranial Nerve – effects motion
and feeling in the face. It does
not pass through the spinal cord.
What does it do?
It helps regulate and maintain various
body functions making and releasing
hormones.
Common problems/injuries?
Diabetes, thyroid disorders
ENDOCRINE = HORMONES
Pituitary Gland
“Master Gland”; controls all
endocrine glands
Hypothalamus
Controls metabolism and
homeostasis
Thyroid Gland
Regulates metabolism
Parathyroid Gland
Controls calcium in blood and
bones
Adrenal Gland
Controls metabolism and stress
responses
Pinal Gland
Regulates wake/sleep cycle
Reproductive Glands
Controls sex hormones
Pancreas
Aids in food digestion and
controls blood sugar levels
What does it do?
•Supplies the blood with oxygen.
•We inhale oxygen and exhale carbon
dioxide. This gas exchange is how we get the
oxygen to the blood.
Common problems/injuries?
Asthma, bronchitis, emphysema, pneumonia
Nasal cavity is lined with…
 Cilia
~ which filter the air
 Mucous
Membrane ~ which moistens
the air
 Blood
Capillaries ~ which warm the air
A – Lungs
I
B – Alveoli
G
C – Nasal Cavity
H
D – Mouth
E – Trachea
F – Diaphragm
G – Epiglottis
H – Bronchia
I – Pharynx
What does it do?
It circulates blood through the body. This is our
“blood pressure,” which is the contraction and
relaxation of our heart muscle.
Systole = Contraction
Diastole = Relaxation
Normal Blood pressure is 120 / 80
Common problems/injuries?
Atherosclerosis, high blood pressure, angina,
aneurysm, arrhythmia
The heart is divided into 4 chambers, right
________________
and ____________________
and the left
atrium
ventricle
______________________
and _________________________.
atrium
ventricle
Oxygen-poor blood, ____________
blood, circulates to
blue
the right side of the heart, it is sent to the _______________
lungs
oxygen
red blood is then sent
to get __________________.
The _______
back to the left side of the heart to be circulated back
body
through the _______________.
What does it do?
• It transports fluids throughout the body.
• The vessels carry proteins to the lymph nodes,
which are filled with white blood cells that kill
bacteria and other pathogens, before sending
the protein back into the body.
Common problems/injuries?
Lymphedema, lymphoma, cancer
LYMPHATIC = IMMUNE SYSTEM
We have
lymph nodes
all
throughout
our body,
what is the
largest one?
LIVER
Skeletal System
What does it do?
• Provides shape to the body
• Gives muscles a place to attach
• Protects certain organs
Common problems/injuries?
Sprains, strains, fractures, dislocations
Do
How many
bones can
you label?
Do you know
how many
bones we
have in
our body?
206
Terms associated with the skeletal system:
Joint – point at which 2 bones come together
Dislocation – one bone pulls out of a joint
Ligaments – attach bone to bone at a joint
Sprain – a pull or tear in a ligament
Tendons – Attach muscle to bone at a joint
Strain – a pull or tear in a tendon or muscle
Cartilage – cushion between the bones at a joint
What does it do?
• Movement
• Creates heat
• Provides protection for the joints
Common problems/injuries?
• Strains, pulled muscles, cramps
How do muscles work together
to cause movement?
 The muscles work in pairs to keep your
body moving.
 When one muscle contracts (shortens),
the other one relaxes (lengthens).
 Ex… The biceps and triceps muscles work as
a pair to bend and straighten the arm
(flexion and extension).
Deltoids
Trapezius
Pectorals
Triceps
Bicep
Latissimus
Dorsi
Abs
Gluteus
Maximus
Quadriceps
Hamstrings
Gastrocnemius
How many muscles can you label?
Many of the body
systems depend on
other body systems
in order to function
properly.
What would be an
example of this?