Transcript Skeletal System

Skeletal System
Functions
• Provide support
• Protect internal organs
• Allows your body to move
• Stores and produces materials
that your body needs
Development of
Bones
• Newborn skeleton is made up of
cartilage
–Cartilage- a tough supporting tissue
that is softer and more flexible than
bone
Structure of bone
• Compact bone- make up the outer
layer of all bones
• Spongy bone- contains flat and
needlelike structures that resist stress
• Bone marrow- tissue that fills the
spaces in bones
Joints
• Joint- a place in your body where two or
more of your bones come together
• Types of joints (know examples of each):
– Pivot: Head and neck
– Ball and socket: Shoulder or Hip
– Hinge: Elbow or Finger or Knee
– Gliding: Wrist or Ankle
• Ligaments-what holds bones to bones at
joints
Keep Bones Healthy
• Eat well
• Exercise
– Weight bearing exercises
• Avoid injuries
– Bone injuries
• Fracture
– Joint injuries
• Sprain
• Dislocation
Arthritis: inflammation of a joint
• Involves the breakdown of cartilage of
– Cartilage absorbs shock when pressure is
placed on joint
Osteoarthritis
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Muscular System
Voluntary vs. Involuntary
• Voluntary Movement – movement
that is under our conscious
control
• Involuntary Movement – muscles
that are not under our conscious
control
Types of Muscles
• Skeletal muscle- voluntary muscle
that we control to do activities
• Cardiac muscle- involuntary muscle
that is found only in the heart
• Smooth muscle- involuntary muscles
that causes movements within your
body
How Muscles Work
• Contracting (becoming shorter and thicker)
• For each contraction, the fibers that
contract:
– Will depend on the amount of force
required
– Will contract completely
• Muscles work in PAIRS
Keeping Healthy
• Include warm-up and cool-down
• Work muscles for both endurance
and strength
• Avoid muscle injuries
–Strain
–Tendonitis