Transcript From Neutrality to War pages 271-275 - Ms. Shauntee

From Neutrality to War
pages 271-275
It Matters Because…
Although Americans wanted to avoid another foreign
war, they sent aid when their allies were threatened.
The attack on Pearl Harbor convince the United States
to Declare War.
From Neutrality to War
pages 271-275
Notes: page 271
•Rise of dictatorships and militarism in Europe
•European nations wouldn’t repay war debts to U.S.
•Americans supported isolationism
•1934, Senator Gerald P. Nye held hearings to investigate
allegations that arms manufacturers tricked the U.S. into WWI
to make huge profits.
•1935 Congress passed the Neutrality Act making it illegal for
Americans to sell arms to any country at war.
•1936 they passed a second neutrality act banning the sale of
arms to either side in a civil war.
From Neutrality to War
pages 271-275
Notes: page 272
•Hitler and Mussolini pledged to
cooperate with each other.
•Japan aligned itself with Germany and
Italy and they became known as the
Axis Powers.
•1937 Congress passed the Neutrality
Act continuing the ban on selling arms
to warring nations and also requiring
them to buy all nonmilitary supplies in
cash.
•President Roosevelt supported
internationalism.
•1937, Japan invaded China and
Roosevelt said the 1937 Neutrality Act
did not apply and he authorized the
sale of weapons to China.
From Neutrality to
War
pages 271-275
Notes: page 273
•Roosevelt wanted to help Britain and France so Congress passed the
Neutrality Act of 1939 permitting the sale of weapons for cash.
•Roosevelt sent 50 ships to Britain in exchange for America’s use of British
bases in the Atlantic.
•Lend-Lease Act allowed the U.S. to lend or lease arms to any country
considered “vital to the defense of the U.S.”
•Atlantic Charter committed both nations (U.S. and Britain) to a postwar world
of democracy, non aggression, free trade, economic advancement, and
freedom of the seas.
•American ships began “shoot-on-sight” policy towards German submarines.
From Neutrality to War
pages 271-275
Notes: page 274
•The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor brought the U.S. into WW2.
•July 1940, Congress gave the president the power to restrict the
sale of war materials to Japan.
•Japan signed an alliance with Germany and Italy becoming a
member of the Axis.
•Japans assets were frozen in the U.S. and General MacArthur was
sent to the Philippines to build defenses.
•Japanese military planned to attack the resource-rice British and
Dutch colonies in Southeast Asia and seize the Philippines and
attack Pearl Harbor.
From Neutrality to
War
pages 271-275
Notes: page 275
•Japan and America were having negotiations but Japan
always intended to go to war against the U.S.
•Dec. 1941 Japan surprise attacked Pearl Harbor, devastating
America.
•Hitler underestimated the U.S. and the U.S. would see
Germany as the bigger target. He hoped Japan would help him
fight the U.S.
•Germany and Italy both declared war on the U.S.