Transcript Net Neutrality: A must in a free society

Net Neutrality:
A must in a free society
Joseph Haynes
Greg Belle
Nick Dzierzeski
Definition of the Internet
A system connecting networks around the world
using TCP/IP, which stands for Transmission
Control Protocol/Internet Protocol, a set of
standards for transmitting and receiving digital
data. The Internet consists primarily of the
collection of billions of interconnected
computers (Economides 2008).
How the Internet Works
As you can see, your ISP is what connects your computer to the internet,
which other computers and servers connect to via their ISP. There are
several ways to connect to the ISP, which include using a dial-up modem
over a phone line, cable, or satellite.
Definition of Net Neutrality
Net Neutrality is a network design paradigm
that argues for broadband network providers
to be completely detached from what
information is sent over their networks.
This chart shows the world’s Internet restrictions. Internet black holes mean that
data information is really sucked up in a void meaning that it is there but it will just
keep coming and coming. A lot of smaller under developed countries surveillance
their Internet like Iran that blocks twitter feeds because of the recent Iran elections.
Some countries as you can see have minor or no restrictions on the Internet.
Our Stance on Net Neutrality
We, as a group, are for net neutrality, keeping
the internet the same as it was since its
inception.
Table of Contents
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History of the Internet
History of Net Neutrality
Seven Reasons Why the Internet should be Neutral
Politics and Net Neutrality
Economy and Net Neutrality
Religion and Net Neutrality
Philosophy and Net Neutrality
Culture and Net Neutrality
Legality and Net Neutrality
Arguments against Net Neutrality
History of the Internet
• In 1934 the Communications Act became law.
First attempt to regulate phone lines by FCC.
• Vannevar Bush first proposed the basics of
hypertext in 1945.
• In 1958, Bell System announced its Data
Phone service using regular phones circuits
(Anderberg 2007).
• In 1962, DARPA lead the way in developing the
Internet.
History of Internet Pt. 2…
• In 1969, the network known as ARPANET was
created to connect 4 databases owned by
universities in the southwestern U.S.
• In 1989, the Internet grew in popularity as its
host amount breaks 100,000.
• Hypertext Markup Language (First Version of
HTML) was formally published on June 1993.
• In 1994, the Internet grew by 341,634%
History of Internet Pt. 3…
• In 2003, the phrase “network neutrality” was coined
when Law Professor Tim Wu presented a paper at
the Silicon Flatirons conference in Boulder Colorado.
• In 2004, the FCC gained control of the
telecommunication industry, introduced the “Four
Freedoms”
• In 2006, Net Neutrality hit mainstream with the
musician Moby appearing at a Capitol Hill press
conference
History of Internet Pt. 4…
• In 2006, a bill was struck down when the House
voted 269-152 to reject Representative Ed Markey’s
net neutrality amendment to the COPE telecom
reform bill, HB 5252.
• In 2007, the Internet giant Google finally flexed its
muscles with its hiring of former MCI lobbyist Rick
Whitt.
• In 2008, the FCC made a critical decision when it
found by a 3-2 vote Comcast guilty of violating
Internet principles. In September of the same year,
Comcast filed an appeal to the FCC’s actions.
The Seven Reasons for N.N.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Economic Recovery and Prosperity
Free Speech
Civic Participation
Marketplace of Ideas
Social Justice
Rise of Telecom companies
Political Opportunity
Senator Ted Stevens
Senator Ted Stevens (Chairmen of commerce) which
means he is in charge of commerce over the
internet. He has a limited understanding of the
Internet and Net Neutrality (Stevens 2009). John Stewart
explains the epic failure that is Ted Stevens:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gfga4bFIUoc
Politics & Net Neutrality
Most democrats agree with net neutrality and
republicans disagree with it. Republicans are
telling Obama that net Neutrality laws are
harmful (Karr 2009). Let it be known the net was
neutral since its beginning. The way the
internet is now is the way it always has been.
Our stance is it should stay this way.
Economic Contributions Against Net Neutrality
These are companies that have shown top contributions of
money to representative republican Joe Barton of Texas for
fighting against net neutrality. These are the top companies
who help run the Internet.
Economics
Net Neutrality is the building block of the
abundance-based economy on the Internet.
Significantly effecting the dollars that we would have
back in our pockets, online publishers would, under
“Net Neutrality” be able to raise its cost of publishing
back to its former level. When Net Neutrality ends,
the monopoly begins again. Sites like West Seattle
Blog are profitable because of this reason.
Economics Continued..
The nightmare situation of having to pay a company
like Comcast to keep the Blog would effectively put
the blog out of business. As of now, publishing is
essentially free. The only thing that you need is a
monthly internet service. If the old economics come
back to the forefront, preferential treatment will
come from customers who pay. Only larger news
organizations would be able to afford the cost of
ensuring website in people’s homes (Preston 2009).
Religion & Net Neutrality
Relating to the economics of Net Neutrality,
the religious aspects of Net Neutrality would
be extremely affected if legislation is not
passed.
• Under the Bush administration, the religious
right blog and evangelical social networking
lines were withering away.
• Without Network Neutrality, leaders of all
religions would have harder times reaching
out to people outside their normal
congregation (Religious 2009).
Religion & Net Neutrality Continued..
• Huge controversy was unleashed when
Comcast blocked the King James Bible.
Comcast was also accused for suppressing
Christians in China by blocking online
programs and other organizations from
reaching China’s people (Jones 2008).
Philosophy & Net Neutrality
• The philosophy of Net Neutrality is broken up
into three course beliefs.
• First, Digital technology, if unshackled is a
powerful means for creating an egalitarian
society.
• Secondly, the end-to-end design of the
Internet is open to innovation.
Continued on Next Page…
Philosophy & Net Neutrality
Continued.
• Third, and lastly, market players should not
control the Internet (Cleland 2009). Those who believe
in Network Neutrality generally have a strong
stance on the freedom of speech. The people on
Network Neutrality also want to make it clear
that they do not want to force ISP’s to avoid
“differentiating” themselves. What they don’t
want is for them to do it in ways that is
determined “out of bounds” (Anderson 2009).
Culture & Net Neutrality
Our culture is a very dynamic
one. Throughout the years it
has seen many changes; in fact
our culture has drastically
changed even in the past 100
years. Although many cultural
changes are brought about by
world events, even more
changes are brought by
technological innovations, such
as the internet.
Culture & Net Neutrality Continued
The way our culture communicates has been
changed by the internet. Never before has
instant communication from countries from all
over the world been possible in such a new
way. This opens the issue of Net Neutrality
with countries who wish to censor or silence
their populace.
Culture & Net Neutrality Continued
One recent example that immediately comes to mind was the
debated Iranian election. Public outrage ensued when
Mahmoud Ahmadi Nejad was re-elected in what seemed to
be a rigged vote. The public of Iran rushed to the Internet
posting pictures and videos from their phones from the
protests. This was regarded as one of the first time a major
protest was displayed in such a way. Thousands of people in
Iran posted up to the minute updates on their “Twitter”
pages, detailing police brutalities among other things. This is
where net neutrality comes in, as the government started
shutting down access to the Internet to quiet the public.
Legal Issues
Who has the right to hold the reigns to the Internet?
Do the telecommunication companies own the
Internet?
•The answer is no. Telecommunication companies are
merely a means to an end. In other words, they are merely
the gateway to the Internet; they don’t own the Internet
themselves.
•Telecommunication companies should be concerned with
providing the best product to their customers rather than
limiting their output. If they decide to change the current
system, assuredly the people would not stand for it,
nobody wants a regulated Internet (Press 2006).
Legal Issues Continued
For fair market competition, internet service
providers should be able to facilitate a similar
experience for a similar price across the board,
otherwise connecting to the internet will become a
monopoly scheme directed towards the highest
bidding telecommunication company that provides
the best plan.
Arguments Against Net
Neutrality
Argument:
•Net Neutrality would keep broadband access providers from offering more
than one service
Rebuttal:
•With Net Neutrality, you are offered a choice. If the internet was not
neutral you would be forced to utilize certain products dictated by the
service provider, to illustrate this metaphorically, this would be like
being forced to use Pepsi or Coke depending on the restaurants
(internet service provider) you are utilizing.
•But the difference between Internet service providers & restaurants is
that you have the freedom to go to a different restaurant or store to
obtain your preferred soda. If where you live determines what service
provider you use, or if the government of your country is running the
internet, there is no where for you to turn to get the products or
services you desire (websites, etc.)
Arguments Against Net
Neutrality Continued
AT&T claims that 5% of its users use over 50% of the
bandwidth. Sandvine reports that over 44% of its Internet
traffic comes from file sharing. While these numbers may
sound drastic, they still do not justify discrimination on the
Internet. Claiming the fears of people to be irrational, those
who oppose Network Neutrality do not look at the possible
scenarios of a broadband future (Davis 2009).
Concluding Statements
In conclusion, the Internet should be a neutral
place for all of its users. Not all cars are
created are the same, but all should be
allowed on the highway. The same is true with
Internet traffic. File sharing and increased
usage, as well as profits are all issues to the
Internet corporations. What this is about,
though, is the consumer. It’s the consumer
that the corporations should cater too, and it’s
the consumer that counts.
This Presentation was brought
to you by….
Works Cited
1. Anderberg, Anthony (2007). History of the Internet and Web. Retrieved 10/10/09 from
http://www.anderbergfamily.net/ant/history/
2. Anderson, Nate (2009) “Network Neutrality” or “Network Neutering”. Retrieved
policy/news/2009/09/editorial-network-neutrality-or-network-neutering.ars
from http://arstechnica.com/tech-
3. Cicconi, Jim (2008) Net Neutrality: A Historical Timeline Sidecut Reports.
http://www.sidecutreports.com/2008/11/16/net
neutrality-a-historical-timeline/
4.
Retrieved 10/10/09 from
Cleland, Scott (2009) Neutralism: Identifying the Commons Ideology behind Net Neutrality. Received from
http://docs.google.com/gview?a=v&q=cache%3AAGiK2dDJVsgJ%3Awww.n
tcompetition.org%2FNeutralism_the_ideology_behind_net_neutrality.pdf+m
aning+behind+net+neutrality&hl=en&gl=us&sig=AFQjCNHiOFb4JPbUKm2I
VuRBAxWqgMncA&pli=1
5. Davis, Christopher (2009) Net Neutrality: Good for a few, Bad for most. Retrieved from
http://wistechnology.com/articles/6649/
6. Economides, Nicholas (2008). "Net Neutrality", Non-Discrimination and Digita
Internet* . Retrieved 10/10/09, from aei
brookings.org
7. Howe, Walt (2009). A Brief History of the Internet. Retrieved 10/10/09. From
http://www.walthowe.com/navnet/history.html
Distribution of Content Through the
Works Cited
8. Jones, Lawrence (2008) Christian Coalition Backs New Neutrality at FCC
Hearing. Retrieved from
http://www.christianpost.com/article/20080420/christian-coalition-backsnet-neutrality-at-fcc-hearing/index.html
9. Karr, Tim (2009) Seven Reasons: Why We Need Net Neutrality Now. Retrieved
10/12/09 from
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/timothy-karr/seven-reasons-why we-need_b_250175.html
10. Kristula, Dave (2001) The History of the Internet. Retrieved 10/10/09 from
http://www.davesite.com/webstation/net-history.shtml
11. Lakely, James (2009) The Strange Philosophy Behind the Movement for Net
Neutrality. Retrieved from
http://www.heartland.org/publications/policy%20studies/article/26061/
12. Preston, Jason (2009) Why the Future of New Brands Hinges on Net Neutrality.Retrieved from
http://eatsleeppublish.com/why-thefuture
of- news-brands-hinges-on-net-neutrality/
13. Singel, Ryan, September 21, 2009 “GOP Senators Move to Stop Obama Net
Neutrality Rules”
http://www.wired.com/epicenter/2009/09/republican
net-neutratlity-amendment/
14. (2009) Religious Connections. Retrieved From
http://www.baptistplanet.com/2009/09/net-neutrality-and-religion.html
15. March 17, 2009, www.Youtube.com, Ted Stevens Tubes
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gfga4bFIUoc
16. United Press (2006) Experts speak out against Network Neutrality. Retrieved
http://www.physorg.com/news70725523.html
from
Charts and Graphs
This graph explains the different bit rates
experienced by countries with different laws
on net neutrality. Japan, as you can see puts
their top priority on the speed of their
internet.
• This graph shows the growing interest of
those seeking the topic choice of net
neutrality. The increased awareness caused by
celebrities such as Moby have brought it to
the forefront. Now, it is the subject of much
debate.
• As stated previously, the video downloading
amount has largely increased with the
increase in bandwidth. This graph illustrates
the growing demands of the internet and the
pressures of companies such as Comcast and
AT&T to limit bandwidth usage.
• Once again, the failure of the United States to
keep a competent, high speed internet is
realized. Net Neutrality along with a better
broadband infrastructure will help the US
compete in the global Internet race.
• Effectively showing why those who oppose
Net Neutrality are misinformed, daily internet
traffic by 95% of internet users falls in the
middle of the graph while the remaining few
fall below or above in the heavy users area in
the top right corner. This shows there is no
reason to limit bandwidth. Instead, the United
States should build a faster internet that keeps
up with the countries demands.
• This Verizon ad shows the works of those who
seek to limit the amount of internet usage.
With the less expensive plan, a small amount
of downloadable information is aloud while
the more expensive plan offers more but a still
limited download plan.
• To clear up rumors, this graph breaks down
internet usage with the use of a pie chart. The
information shows that while fire sharing
carries 29% of the usage, this is not a reason
to allow companies to sabotage our internet
rights.