Transcript 1933-1945 - English II with Mr. Davis

The Holocaust: a great or complete devastation or
destruction, especially by fire; any mass slaughter or
reckless destruction of life
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1933-1945
Historical Context
of The Holocaust
1933-1945
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Anti-Semitism
1933-against
1945 or
Prejudice
hatred towards Jews.
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January 30, 1933
Hitler becomes Chancellor
even though
percent of
1933-70
1945
Germany did not vote for
him.
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March 22, 1933
Dachau Concentration
19331945for
Camp,
initially
political prisoners.
Schaefer’s Personal Collection—Dachau Gates
1933-1945
April 1, 1933
Boycott of Jewish
Businesses
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May 10, 1933
Book Burnings
1933Works
by 1945
Jewish,
Communist and
handicapped authors were
all burned.
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If you control ideas, then you can control
actions.
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1933-1945
Night of the Long Knives
June 30, 1934
"If anyone reproaches me and asks why I did not resort to the regular courts of
justice, then all I can say is this: In this hour I was responsible for the fate of the
German people, and thereby I became the supreme judge of the German people."
"It was no secret that this time the revolution would have to be bloody; when we
spoke of it we called it 'The Night of the Long Knives.' Everyone must know for
all future time that if he raises his hand to strike the State, then certain death is his
lot."
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Sept. 10, 1935
Nuremberg
Laws
1933-1945
Deprived Jews of basic
rights, such as citizenship
and the right to marry
whomever they liked.
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Lebensborn
1933-1945
July 1938
Evian Conference
NOTHING was done.
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1933-1945
October 1938
Deportations of
Jews Begin
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November 9, 1938
Kristallnacht“The Night
of the1945
Broken Glass”
1933Nationwide pogrom where
Jewish homes, businesses and
synagogues were burned. 30,000
Jewish men deported.
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1933-1945
Sept. 1, 1939
WWII Begins:
Blitzkreig:
“Lightning War”
Lebensraum
“living space”
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Heinrich Himmler on Polish Education
Hitler’s MEIN KAMPF
• “The sole goal of this schooling is to teach them
simple arithmetic, nothing above the number 500;
writing one’s name; and the doctrine that it is divine
law to obey the Germans…I do not think that reading
is desirable.”
May 1940
Himmler was the head of the SS, the Nazi military
organization most responsible for carrying out the
Holocaust.
1933-1945
October
1939
T-4/Euthanasia
Program
“Mercy Killing”
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Slide taken from a
Nazi propaganda
filmstrip, promoting
"euthanasia,"
prepared for the Hitler
Youth. The caption
says: "Mentally ill
Negro (English) 16
years in an institution
costing 35,000 RM
[Reichsmarks]."
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United States Holocaust
Memorial Museum
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Summer
1941
1933-1945
Killing Squads:
Einsatzgruppen
“task forces or intervention
groups”
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1933-1945
December 7, 1941
Pearl Harbor
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1933-20,
1945
January
1942
Wannsee
Conference
Reinhard Heydrich, chief of SD (Security) Service
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The Final Solution
Hitler’s MEIN KAMPF
The Jews were seen as a problem to be taken care of,
and so the solution to the Jewish problem was the
code name of the
Final Solution:
To exterminate all Jews from the face of the earth.
There were even plans to eliminate all Jews in the
United States.
Summer 1942
Deportations to
19331945
camps
and
killing
centers begin
Different Kinds of Camps:
Hitler’s MEIN KAMPF
• Concentration Camps-Jews were selected on
arrival to either work or be killed in gas chambers.
• Killing Centers were camps with gas chambers
where Jews didn’t go through a selection but were
killed right away.
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Schaefer’s Personal Collection—Lodz Ghetto Deportation Station
1943
Jews begin to
19331945
realize and fight
back.
Warsaw Ghetto uprising. 28 days. 300 Germans killed.
Uprisings in Sobibor and Treblinka death camps.
1933-1945
1942
Camp Life… and
Death
Schaefer’s Personal Collection—Auschwitz I Guard Tower
Schaefer’s Personal Collection—Auschwitz/Birkenau Entrance
Schaefer’s Personal Collection—Auschwitz State Museum
Schaefer’s Personal Collection—Auschwitz State Museum
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Schaefer’s Personal Collection—Auschwitz/Birkenau Gas Chamber
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Schaefer’s Personal Collection—Auschwitz State Museum
Schaefer’s Personal Collection—Auschwitz State Museum
December
1944
1933-1945
Death Marches
1:5 survived
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January-May
1945: Liberation
19331945
Allies
begin
to free
those in camps.
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1933-1945
April 30, 1945
Death of Hitler
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1933-1945
May 8, 1945
Surrender of
Germany
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1933-1945
November 13December 14, 1945
Dachau Trials
Dachau Trial Convictions
Hitler’s MEIN KAMPF
Guilty: 40 Nazi
war criminals
found guilty and
sentenced to death
by hanging
Innocent: none
36 sentenced to
death.
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1933-1945
October 18, 1945October 1, 1946
Nuremberg Trials
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Nuremberg Trial Convictions: 22 Nazi Officials
Hitler’s MEIN KAMPF
Guilty: 12- sentenced to
death; 3- life imprisonment;
4- 10-20 years in prison
Innocent: 3 were acquitted
1933-1945
May 14, 1948
Israel: A New State
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1933-1945
“Only guard yourself and guard your
soul carefully, lest you forget the
things your eyes saw, and lest these
things depart your heart all the days
of your life, and you shall make them
known to your children, and to your
children’s children.”
Deuteronomy 4:9