Transcript File
WORD OF THE DAY Two-Front War: a war split between multiple locations Warm Up: Caption the Picture. Look at the picture and write a caption - What is happening? Why is Japan involved in WWII? ~What are they after? Japan needs Raw Materials Japan wished to replace European Imperialism with Asian Imperialism Japan attacks and occupies countries in Indochina America responds by freezing Japanese assets Japan Prepares for a Surprise Attack Pearl Harbor Multiple prints were issued throughout the day to provide updates. (Pre-Google) December 8, 1942 the US declared war on Japan…. Four days later, Germany and Italy (allies of Japan) declared war on the United States. America was now engaged in a war on two fronts: European front and the Pacific front. Pearl Harbor In 1944, Oliver Lyttelton, a British government minister, said that: “Japan was provoked into attacking the Americans at Pearl Harbor. It is a travesty to say that America was forced in to the war. Everyone knows where American sympathies were. It is incorrect to say that America was ever truly neutral even before America came into the war on a fighting basis”. Even after Pearl Harbor, some Americans believed that the United States should have done more to “appease” Japan. Just after the attack, U.S. Senator Vandenberg wrote, “the United States would have had to yield to relatively little to pacify Japan…we may have driven [Japan] needlessly into hostilities through our rigid diplomatic attitudes. We asked for it, and we got it”. Should American officials have been surprised by the attack on Pearl Harbor? Who was to blame for the attack on Pearl Harbor? Was the United States justified in declaring on the Empire of Japan? Executive Order 9066 Because of the distrust of Japanese and general paranoia after Pearl Harbor, President Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066, which authorized the government to remove Japanese-Americans from America’s West Coast and place them in Internment Camps A Two Front War: Europe and the Pacific The War in Europe (and North Africa) ∙ ∙ ∙ ∙ In 1941, Germany violated their treaty and invaded Russia. Hitler- had control of most of Europe and North Africa Roosevelt- wanted to defeat Germany first, then focus on the Japanese 1942- Allied troops landed in North Africa and defeated the German forces. Now, they were ready to invade Europe. Who is in charge: General George Patton WWII in Africa Video (STOP at 2:00) War in Europe (Soviet Union) ∙ Hitler made his greatest mistake when he invaded the Soviet Union in June 1941. Battle of Stalingrad (Aug. 23, 1942-Feb. 2, ∙ 1943- The Battle of Stalingrad (turning 1943)- Largest, bloodiest battle in history. 800,00 Axis soldiers wounded/killed. 1.2point in the Eastern part of Europe) Germany surrenders to the Soviets. million Soviet soldiers wounded/killed. ∙ Low on supplies, half of the Soviet soldiers were sent to battle without rifles, instead having to pick up a rifle from the dead bodies on the ground ∙ The Soviets started marching toward Scene at the Gates Berlin. Along thefrom way,Enemy they discovered concentration camps and liberated (2001) many stillNote: held prisoner. Jude Law has no rifle… D-Day/Normandy Invasion ∙ ∙ ∙ June 6, 1944 – D Day- 156,000 Allied troops under the command of General Dwight Eisenhower began the invasion by landing on 5 beaches on the northwest coast of Normandy, France. Omar Bradley- chosen to lead the first American army to land in France Battle of the Bulge- in 1944 the German attack collapsed. ∙ Decisive Allied victory ∙ Depleted Germany’s forces Battle of the Bulge VIDEO May 1945- The Soviets forces captured Berlin. Hitler committed suicide and Germany surrendered. Vernon Baker- African American who was awarded the Medal of Honor for his heroics during World War II Yalta Conference and VE Day ∙ ∙ Took place in Yalta, shortly before VE Day ∙ President Roosevelt, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin Plans: ∙ Germany to be divided into 4 zones ∙ Promised free elections in liberated countries ∙ Stalin promised to enter the war against Japan after Hitler was defeated ∙ A new World Organization would be formed (United Nations) ∙ ∙ ∙ May 8th, 1945- Germany Surrenders Germany forced to wait for USSR to take Berlin Discover concentration camps and Allied forces liberate them . Do tragedies like this still occur? The Holocaust ∙ ∙ ∙ Hitler’s “Final Solution” was the murder all the European Jews. Concentration Camps and Death Camps were built across Europe. About 12 million people- Jews, gypsies, Slavs, political prisoners, elderly, mentally-disabled, and others died in the Nazi camps. In this video you will see what the American Soldiers came across as they liberated Europe. Many were unprepared for the gruesome scenes they encountered. The video also shows Germans from surrounding towns/villages being forced to walk through the camps, in order to see, firsthand, the crimes they had allowed to happen. WARNING!!!! GRAPHIC VIDEO OF HOLOCAUST The following account is from Woman Prisoner #T-917 at Lenzing ConcentrationCamp: “Now bean a frightful time of waiting. We were locked in the camp without food. I was asleep when my sister wakened me. She reported that in front of the camp were two young men… They told us that they would get help from the American soldiers who were nearby but had no idea our camp was there… it took a few hours until they arrived. It was General Patton’s 3 rd Army. The soldiers broke open the gate. It must have been a shock for the soldiers when they saw us, emancipated or swollen, pale and dirty…. The provided us with their food rations and soap.” Who do you think was more surprised: the prisoners or the soldiers? Wedding Rings taken from prisoners