Transcript Chapter 16 - dharrison

Chapter 16
 Bell-ringer: In approximately 5 sentences,
summarize what you know about WWII.
Causes
 Seeds planted in WWI
– Economic depression
and struggle after
WWI
 Rise of powerful
dictators
– Believed in
nationalism
• Loyalty to country and
dreams of expansion
Germany
 Weimar Republic
– Democracy put in place after WWI
– Overwhelmed by being blamed, reparations, and stripping of
overseas and border colonies
Russia
 Resented being
carved up after WWI
– See next slide
The Rise of Nationalism
 Communist Soviet
Union
– Joseph Stalin
 Communism- state
owns all property
The Rise of Nationalism
 Nazi Germany
– Adolph Hitler
 Nazism
– Hitler’s type of
fascism
• Extreme nationalism
The Rise of Nationalism
 Fascist Italy
– Benito Mussolini
 Fascism- rule by
single party and small
group of politicians
– Stressed nationalism
– Importance of the state
over the individual
The Rise of Nationalism
 Fascist Spain
– Francisco Franco
The Rise of Nationalism
 Hideki Tojo
 Japan
– Emperor Hirohito
Actions
 Japan
– Needed more living
space
– Surprise attack on
Manchuria
 League of Nations
Response: condemned
Japan
– Japan quits the League
Actions
 Italy
– Invades and takes over
Ethiopia
 Ethiopia pleads for
help from the League
 Response: Ineffective
economic boycott
Actions
 Spanish army behind
Francisco Franco
overthrow Spanish
Republic
– Soviets send supplies
to assist
– Germany and Italy
send troops, weapons,
tanks, and fighter
planes
Chapter 16 Continued
 Bell-ringer #4: Complete #1-3 about the political
cartoon on p. 534
United States
 Most want to
remain neutral
 Neutrality Acts:
– Outlawed arms
sales or loans to
warring nations
(including
nations in civil
war)
United States
 Roosevelt gives
speech showing his
strong stance
AGAINST
isolationism
– Harsh backlash
 Began a shift in the
debate
Germany
 Lebensraum
– “living space”
 Appeasementgiving in to
avoid aggression
– Policy adopted
by Neville
Chamberlain
Germany
 March 12, 1938
– Takes over Austria
– Majority of Austrians
favored unification
 Consequence: none
(condemned)
Germany
 Next: Sudetenland
– Part of
Czechoslovakia
 Claimed evil practices
by Czechs on
Germans
– False propaganda
– Met with Chamberlain
and other officials
– Result: Notta
Germany
 Took the rest of Czech.
 Then signed pact with
Stalin and took Poland
– Soviets and Germans
agreed never to attack one
another (nonaggression
pact)
– Secret pact: Divide Poland
b/w Germany and the
Soviet Union
WWII Begins
 Blitzkrieg
– Overwhelming force
to surprise and defeat
the enemy
 Hitler takes Belgium,
Netherlands, and
Luxembourg
WWII Begins
 Maginot Line (French
Border)
– German tanks pass
through the Ardennes
(thought to be
impassable)
– Surround French and
British troops
 French surrender
Great Britain
 Germans launch massive
air raids on RAF (Royal
Air Force)
– Massive destruction but
RAF holds off the
Luftwaffe
– Germans call off the
invasion indefinitely
 Despite not defeating the
British, what might the
German bombing do to
the British?
What about the Holocaust?
Computer Lab Activity
 Dictator Biography Presentation (35 points)
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Birth and childhood (dates and significant events)
Rise to power (how?)
Significant actions (use textbook!)
Death (date and how?)
Personality?
Beliefs?
Interesting facts of events
 No sentences on slides
 Graded on: being prepared, creativity, accuracy, and
using class time effectively
 Must contain at least 5 pictures
Choices
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FDR
Neville Chamberlain
Winston Churchill
Stalin
Hitler
Franco
Mussolini
 Groups of 3 or 4
Bell-ringer
 Do you believe that
presidents should be
limited to two terms?
 Response should be at
least 5 sentences
America Moves Toward War
 FDR revises the
Neutrality Acts
– Cash-and-carry policy
– Pay cash and transport
in your own ships
 Too little, too late?
– France had fallen
– British under siege
Axis Powers
 Germany, Italy, and
Japan sign mutual
defense treaty
– Tripartite Pact
– Axis Powers
– Hoped to keep U.S.
out of war
Building Defenses
 Selective Training and
Service Act
– Registered 16 million men
between 21 and 35
 Roosevelt elected to 3rd
term
– P. 551
– Discussion
Lend-Lease Act
 Fireside chats to promote more assistance
 Britain low on cash
– Lend-lease aid
– Also to Soviet Union
 German Wolf Packs
– See p. 553
Escalation
 German U-boats
destroy several U.S.
merchant ships
– Congress agrees to
arm merchant ships
Japan
 Tojo hopes to unite East
Asia under Japanese rule
– Took French colonies in
Vietnam and Cambodia
– U.S. places oil embargo
 Tojo ensures Hirohito that
he will try for peace with
the Americans
– Then, prepares for attack
Pearl Harbor
 U.S. decodes Japan’s
communication
– Knew about attack,
but didn’t know when
or where
 It came on December
7, 1941
Activity
 Diary entry
– At least 10 sentences
 Pearl Harbor
– What were you doing?
– How did you feel?
– Be creative