Transcript Valley High School

Prattville High School
Study Guide for Final
What is the name given to the day that the
Stock Market Crashed?

Black Tuesday.
1
What is a budget deficit?

Spending more than is collected.
2
Who were hobos?

Homeless wanderers who often rode the
rails.
3
What is speculation?

Investing in the stock market hoping for a
quick profit.
4
Who led the troops that dispersed the Bonus
Army?

Douglas MacArthur
5
What is a bank run?

When many depositors withdraw money at
once.
6
What did the Civil Works Administration do?

They hired workers directly, including
thousands of women, to build or improve
airports, roads, and playgrounds.
7
What was one achievement of the Fair Labor
Standards Act?

Established a 40-hour workweek for many
workers.
8
What was the role of the Federal Deposit
Insurance Corporation?

Covered people’s savings in banks against
loss.
9
What group was formed to oppose the New
Deal?

The American Liberty League.
10
What did the National Housing Act do?

Subsidized loans for builders willing to buy
blocks of slums and build low-cost housing.
11
What agency awarded contracts to
construction companies to build highways,
dams, schools, and other facilities?

Public Works Administration
12
What was the Securities Act?

Required companies that sold stocks and
bonds to provide complete and truthful
information to investors.
13
What governmental act was established to
provide some security for unemployed
workers?
 Social Security Act
14
What was the major campaign issue in the
1928 election?

Prohibition
15
Why did stock prices first begin to decline in
late 1929?

Investors began to sell their stock.
16
Why did farmers on the Great Plains begin to
lose their crops in 1932?

The soil dried up.
17
What did thousands of World War I veterans
come to Washington in 1932 to do?

Lobby Congress to pass legislation giving
veterans their promised bonus early.
18
Why did President Hoover oppose direct
federal relief of the unemployed?

He believed that only state and city
governments should dole out relief.
19
How did the National Credit Corporation try
to rescue troubled banks?

By using money from New York bankers to
bail them out.
20
Why did many state governors declare “bank
holidays”?

To prevent bank runs and to give the
American public confidence in the banking
system.
21
To regulate the stock market, what did the
Roosevelt Administration create?

The Securities and Exchange Commission.
22
What was one thing the National Industrial
Recovery Act set up?

They set up codes of fair competition.
23
What was the most popular Nazi
extermination camp?

Auschwitz
24
What was the sitzkrieg?

Period when Britain and France waited for
the Germans to attack.
25
What was the Gestapo?

Nazi government secret police.
26
What was the Holocaust?

Mass killing of millions of Europeans
(especially Jews) by the Nazis.
27
What was “cash and carry”?

Requirement imposed by the first two
Neutrality Acts for the purchase of
nonmilitary supplies from the U.S. Aimed
at keeping the U.S. out of the war.
28
Who did Adolf Hitler blame Germany’s
defeat in World War I on?

Jews
29
Who were the Axis Powers?

Germany
 Italy
 Japan
30
When did it become obvious that appeasment
had failed?

When Hitler made demands for territory in
Poland.
31
What did the Nuremberg Laws do?

Took citizenship away from Jewish
Germans.
32
What was the Maginot Line?

French fortifications along the German
border.
33
What happened to most of the Jewish refugees
aboard the SS St. Louis?

They died of the Nazis’ Final Solution.
34
What was the Nazis “Final Solution”?

Extermination of the Jews.
35
What were Aryans?

Believed by Hitler to be a “master race”
destined to rule the world.
36
What is lebensraum?

Living space.
37
What was the Luftwaffe?

German air force.
38
Where did the Japanese military invade to get
resources?

Manchuria
39
What did the Neutrality Act of 1935 make
illegal?

For Americans to sell arms to any country
at war.
40
What did Britain and France do at the Munich
Conference?

Gave in to Hitler’s demands for the
Sudetenland.
41
What was the Nazi-Soviet nonaggression
treaty?

An agreement that Russia and Germany
would not fight each other. Also contained a
secret deal to divide Poland between them.
42
Who saved England in the Battle of Britain?

The Royal Air Force (and radar).
43
What was Kristallnacht?

Night of broken glass when anti-Jewish
violence was rampant.
44
What was the Lend-Lease Act?

Gave Roosevelt a way of getting arms to
Britain without Britain having to pay cash.
45
What does the Nazi party stand for?

National Socialist German Workers Party.
46
What was the name of the book that Hitler
wrote while in prison?

Mein Kampf (My Struggle)
47
What happened at Dunkirk?

Dramatic evacuation of 338,000 British and
French troops.
48
What happened on December 7, 1941?

Japan attacked Pearl Harbor.
49
According to your book, what type of people
were persecuted during the Holocaust?

Jews
 The disabled
 Gypsies
 Homosexuals
 Slavic people
50
Who were the African American military unit
that flew planes in W.W. II?

The Tuskegee Airmen
51
What was the name of the bomber that
dropped the first atomic bomb?

Enola Gay
52
What was the purpose of rationing?

To limit availability of consumer goods so
that they may go toward the war effort.
53
What was the name of the Japanese American
military unit?

442nd Regimental Combat Team
54
What was the name of the French beach in
Normandy stormed by American invasion
forces?
 Omaha
55
What was D-Day?

Beginning of Operation Overlord when
Allied forces made a European invasion.
56
What does “Double V” campaign refer to?

Victory over Hitler’s racism abroad and
victory over racism at home.
57
Where was the first time that the Japanese
used kamikaze attacks?

Leyte Gulf
58
Where did the Bataan Death March occur?

In the Philippines
59
What did the Supreme Court rule in
Korematsu v. the United States?

That the relocation of Japanese Americans
was constitutional because it was based on
military urgency.
60
What was V-E Day?

Victory in Europe (W.W. II)
61
Who led the American team of engineers and
scientists building the atomic bomb?

Robert Oppenheimer
62
Who said, “I felt like the moon, the stars, and
all the planets had fallen on me”?

Harry S. Truman
63
Who was in overall command of the invasion
of France?

Dwight D. Eisenhower
64
Why did Roosevelt create the Fair
Employment Practices Commission?

To enforce nondiscrimination in hiring
workers in defense industries.
65
As a result of a presidential order allowing the
military to declare any part of the U.S. to be a
military zone, what happened to many
Japanese Americans?

They were put in internment camps.
66
Why was Iwo Jima an important objective for
the American military?

Because U.S. planes could bomb Japan
from there.
67
What finally put an end to the Great
Depression?

World War II.
68
Who were the “Big Three” and where were
they from?

Stalin (Soviet Union)
 Churchill (Great Britain)
 Roosevelt (United States)
69
What was the Manhattan Project?

The American program to build an atomic
bomb.
70
What was the name of the city that the U.S.
first dropped an atomic bomb on?

Hiroshima
71
What was the name of the second city that the
U.S. dropped an atomic bomb on?

Nagasaki
72
What were the names of the two atomic
bombs dropped on Japan?

Little Boy and Fat Man
73
What was a kamikaze?

A japanese pilot that deliberately crashed
their planes into American ships.
74
When was D-Day?

June 6, 1944
75
What was the turning point of the war in the
Pacific?

The Battle of Midway
76
What was the Cold War?

Era of confrontation between the U.S. and
the Soviet Union.
77
What was the purpose of the Marshall Plan?

To help Western Europe recover
economically.
78
What did the Truman Doctrine result in?

A pledge to fight and resist communism
anywhere in the world.
79
What did leaders at the Yalta Conference
agree to?

To divide Germany among the four Allied
powers after the war.
80
Who said that “an iron curtain had descended
across the continent”?

Winston Churchill
81
Who proposed the European Recovery
Program that promised European nations
American aid to rebuild their economies?
 George C. Marshall
82
At the Potsdam Conference, what did the
Soviets want for Germany?

They wanted them to pay reparations.
83
Who was the U-2 pilot shot down over the
Soviet Union?

Francis Gary Powers
84
Why did Truman say that the Truman
Doctrine and the Marshall Plan were
essential?

Because it would help contain communism
by enableing democracies.
85
What were Ethal and Julius Rosenberg
charged with?

Passing atomic secrets to the Soviets
(espionage).
86
How did Joseph McCarthy create the media
frenzy that began his witch hunt?

By saying that he had a list of Communists
employed by the State Department.
87
What are satellite nations?

Countries that although not under direct
Soviet control, had to remain Communist
and friendly to the Soviet Union and had to
follow policies that the Soviets approved.
88
What was the Berlin Airlift?

Aid given by the United States to Berliners
where food, medicine and coal were
airlifted into the city.
89
What was the House Un-American Activities
Committee (HUAC)?

It was formed in 1938 to investigate both
Communist and Fascist activities in the
United States.
90
What was the Red Scare?

Widespread fear in the United States in
regards to Communism and the Soviet
Union.
91
What was Sputnik?

The first artifical satellite to orbit the earth.
Launched by the Soviet Union. This
technological triumph alarmed Americans,
who took it as a sign that the United States
was falling behind the Soviet Union in
missile technology.
92
Who was the main symbol of the black power
movement?

Malcolm X
93
What did the ruling in Plessy v. Ferguson
establish?

The separate but equal doctrine.
94
How did Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. believe
the way to end segreation?

Through nonviolent passive resistance
95
What did Malcolm X conclude after his
pilgrimage to Mekkah?

That an integrated society was possible.
96
What did Brown v. Board of Education state?

That segregation in public schools was
unconstitutional.
97
What did African Americans do in response to
the arrest of Rosa Parks?

Organized a bus boycott of the bus system
in Montgomery, Alabama.
98
What famous speech did Dr. Martin Luther
King Jr. give at the march on Washington?

He gave his famous “I have a dream”
speech.
99
Why did Dr. King select Selma, Alabama for
a protest march?

Because African Americans were the
majority, but only a fraction were registered
to vote.
100
What should every little student do tonight?
STUDY