Transcript 2011 WW1

World War 1
Interesting facts about the WW1
Vid ref...B/A
• First Known use of chemical weapons
(mustard Gas)
• 58000 British soldiers were lost in the first
day at the battle of the Somme (A Record)
• An Armistice was signed ending the war at
5 AM the conflict ended at 11am on the
11.11.1918
Interesting facts about the WW1
• Hitler fought in WW1 in the German Army.
• Hitler wasn't happy about the armistice
which left Germany destitute and lead to
him gaining power so WW1 leads Into
WW2 as nobody managed to learn any
lessons from the 6 million deaths involved
Hitler – excited about the
announcement of war
Interesting facts about the WW1
• One in five of the Australians and New
Zealanders who left their country to fight in
the first world war never returned, 80,000
in total.
• There were 70 million men and women in
uniform of that number one-half were
either killed, wounded or became
prisoners of war.
Interesting facts about the WW1
• Austria-Hungary faced 90% casualties of
their total troops mobilised
• Russia faced more casualties than any
other nation in WW1, their total casualties
were 9,150,000.
• Russia mobilised 12 million men during the
war; France 8.4 million; Britain 8.9 million;
Germany 11 million; Austria-Hungary 7.8
million; Italy 5.6 million; and the USA 4.3
million.
Interesting facts about the WW1
• 296 US soldiers committed suicide during
the 7 months US was part of the WW1.
• 1,808,000 German soldiers killed in four
years of WW1. More German soldiers were
killed than any other nation in WW1.
Interesting facts about the WW1
• A total of 65,038,810 troops were mobilized
during the WW1, out of which 8,538,315
were either killed or they died. 21,219,452
were wounded. 7,750,919 were made
prisoners.
• So, the total casualties of WW1 were
37,508,686 which makes 57.6% of the total
troops that were mobilized.
Adapted from http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_are_ten_facts_about_World_War_1#ixzz1TkugBBHz
M.A.I.N.
CAUSES OF WWI
M.A.I.N. Causes
• M - Militarism
• A - Alliances
• I - Imperialism
• N - Nationalism
Militarism
• When a nation’s armed forces come to
dominate a country’s national policy.
• It is also a glorification of the military
and war itself.
Militarism
Comparative figures on army increase, 1870-2011
1870
1914
1939
2011
Russia
700 000
1.3 million 12 million
21 million
France
380 000
846 000
595 000
496 000
Germany
403 000
812 000
5.69 million 491 425
Austria-Hungary
247 000
424 000
-
-
Britain
302 000
381 000
495 000
374 890
Italy
334 000
305 000
533 000
478 002
Japan
70 000
250 000
6 million
284 035
U.S.A
37 000
98 000
413 000
3.4 million
Militarism (Arms Race)
•The British had introduced the 'Dreadnought', an effective battleship,
in 1906. The Germans soon followed suit introducing their own
battleships.
Militarism (Schlieffen Plan)
•The German, Von Schlieffen also drew up a plan of action that
involved attacking France through Belgium if Russia made an attack
on Germany. The map below shows how the plan was to work.
Alliance
• Signed treaties in which each nation
involved pledges to defend the other
if attacked by an aggressor.
• Basically, countries agreed to help each
other.
1879
The Dual Alliance
1881
Austro-Serbian
Alliance
Germany and AustriaHungary made an
alliance to protect
themselves from Russia
Austria-Hungary made
an alliance with Serbia to
stop Russia gaining
control of Serbia
Russia formed an
alliance with France to
protect herself against
Germany and AustriaHungary
Britain, Russia and
France agreed not to
sign for peace
separately.
This was made between
Russia, France and
Britain to counter the
increasing threat from
Germany.
Germany and AustriaHungary made an
alliance with Italy to stop
Italy from taking sides
with Russia
1894
Franco-Russian
Alliance
1914
Triple Entente (no
separate peace)
1907
Triple Entente
1882
The Triple Alliance
1907
Anglo-Russian Entente
This was an agreement
between Britain and
Russia
1904
Entente Cordiale
This was an agreement,
but not a formal alliance,
between France and
Britain.
Alliance
Imperialism
• Domination by one country over the political,
economic or cultural life of another
country or region.
• Due to the Industrial Revolution of the 1800s,
some European nations had a large portion of
the world under their control.
• Think colonies!
Imperialism
Nationalism
• Pride and patriotism in one’s nation.
• Nationalism means being a strong
supporter of the rights and interests of
one's country.
• In terms of WWI, nationalism became
aggressive and subsequently(because of
this) a major cause of international
tension.
Nationalism
The Powder Keg
• Moroccan Crisis
• In 1904 Morocco had been given to France by
Britain, but the Moroccans wanted their
independence. In 1905, Germany announced
her support for Moroccan independence. War
was narrowly avoided by a conference which
allowed France to retain possession of Morocco.
However, in 1911, the Germans were again
protesting against French possession of
Morocco. Britain supported France and
Germany was persuaded to back down for part
of French Congo.
Bosnian Crisis
•
In 1908, Austria-Hungary took over the former Turkish
province of Bosnia. This angered Serbians who felt the
province should be theirs. Serbia threatened AustriaHungary with war, Russia, allied to Serbia, mobilized its
forces. Germany, allied to Austria-Hungary mobilized its
forces and prepared to threaten Russia. War was
avoided when Russia backed down. There was,
however, war in the Balkans between 1911 and 1912
when the Balkan states drove Turkey out of the area.
The states then fought each other over which area
should belong to which state. Austria-Hungary then
intervened and forced Serbia to give up some of its
acquisitions. Tension between Serbia and AustriaHungary was high.
Political Tensions
• There is no single explanation for the apparent
willingness of the nations of Europe to go to war
in 1914. The political tensions that preceded the
war, however is often said to be caused by the
following factors;
• Colonial rivalry
• Economic rivalry
• The arms race
• French and German hostilities
• European military alliances
• Nationalism
The Powder Keg
• On June 28, 1914, Gavrilo Princip a Serbian,
assassinated Archduke Francis Ferdinand heir
to the Austria Hungarian Throne
Think about this question
• How was this one event so important to the
beginning of World War I?