Transcript THE WAR ENDS

Terms for “The War Ends”
• Battle of the Bulge = US victory. Germany
exhausted and has little left to prevent Allies
from entering Germany.
• Manhattan Project = Secret program to build an
Atomic Bomb
• Nuremburg Trials = Nazi leaders charged with
“Crimes against humanity”.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
WARM UP
WHAT DID FDR AND CHURCHILL AGREE TO AT CASABLANCA?
WHAT WAS THE RESULT OF MASSIVE BOMBING CAMPAIGN
OVER GERMANY?
WHAT WAS THE RESULT OF THE ITALIAN CAMPAIGN?
WHAT AGREEMENTS WERE MADE BETWEEN CHURCHILL,
FDR, AND STALIN AT TEHRAN?
WHO DID FDR CHOOSE TO COMMAND OPERATION
OVERLORD?
WHAT ARE DID THE GERMANS BELIEVE THE ALLIES WOULD
MOST LIKELY LAND IN REGARD TO THE INVASION OF
EUROPE?
WHERE DID THE ALLIES LAND?
WHICH BEACH SUFFERED THE MOST CASUALTIES?
WHY WAS D-DAY SUCCESS SO VITAL TO ALLIED VICTORY?
WHAT WAS THE MILITARY STRATEGY CALLED IN REGARD TO
GOING ON THE OFFENSIVE IN THE PACIFIC?
WHAT WAS THE MOST IMPORTANT MILITARY FACTOR IN
REGARD TO ISLAND HOPPING?
WWII ENDS
SETTING THE STAGE
• FIERCE FIGHTING IN BOTH EUROPE AND THE PACIFIC
DURING 1945 LED TO THE DEFEAT OF THE AXIS POWERS.
THE ALLIES BEGAN WAR CRIMES TRIALS AND SET UP A
GLOBAL PEACEKEEPING ORGANIZATION TO PREVENT
ANOTHER GLOBAL WAR.
THE THIRD REICH COLLAPSES
• HEDGEROWS SURROUNDED MANY FIELDS IN NORMANDY =
GERMANS CAN EASILY DEFEND!!
• ON JULY 25, 1944, AMERICAN BOMBERS BLEW A HOLE IN
GERMAN LINES AND AMERICAN TANKS RAN THROUGH
• ON AUGUST 25, THE ALLIES LIBERATED PARIS
BATTLE OF THE BULGE
• HITLER STAGED LAST DESPERATE OFFENSIVE
CATCHING AMERICANS BY SURPRISE
• GENERAL PATTON AND HIS TROOPS SLAMMED
INTO GERMAN LINES
• WE WIN
THE WAR ENDS IN EUROPE
• BY THE TIME THE BATTLE OF THE BULGE ENDS, THE
SOVIETS HAD PUSHED GERMANS OUT OF RUSSIA
• SOVIETS PUSH TOWARDS BERLIN FROM EAST, AMERICANS
FROM THE WEST
• SOVIET TROOPS ENTER BERLIN ON APRIL 21ST, 1945
• BY APRIL 30TH, HITLER COMMITTS SUICIDE
• VE DAY MAY 8, 1945
JAPAN IS DEFEATED
• FDR DIES ON APRIL 12, 1945 = HARRY TRUMAN PRESIDENT
• ISLAND HOPPING CAMPAIGNS GIVE US AIR SUPERIORITY,
SAVAGE COMBAT ……THE PACIFIC
• US MARINES INVADE IWO JIMA TO SET UP AN AIRBASE TO
BOMB JAPAN
• 6,800 MARINES DIED AT IWO JIMA, AS JAPANESE DEFENDERS
FOUGHT TO THE DEATH = BANZAI AND KAMIKAZEES
FIREBOMBING JAPAN
• B-29’S DROPPED BOMBS ON JAPAN FILLED W/ NAPALM
• TOKYO DESTROYED, BUT JAPAN REFUSES TO SURRENDER
• MARINES INVADE OKINAWA TO SET UP A STAGING BASE FOR
INVASION OF JAPAN
• 12,000 AMERICANS DIED = BLOODIEST BATTLE IN HISTORY
OF MARINES
THE MANHATTAN PROJECT
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
REASONS FOR DROPPING THE A-BOMB:
SAVE MILLIONS OF LIVES, BOTH AMERICAN AND JAPANESE
END THE WAR QUICKLY
THEY STARTED IT
AUG 6, 1945 A-BOMB DROPPED ON HIROSHIMA
AUG. 9 A-BOMB DROPPED ON NAGASAKI
AUG 15 – VJ DAY
BUILDING A NEW WORLD
• UNITED NATIONS CREATED AFTER WWII TO PROMOTE
GLOBAL COOPERATION AND PEACE
• GENERAL ASSEMBLY = EACH MEMBER NATION GETS A VOTE
• SECURITY COUNCIL = 11, BUT 5 PERMANENT = GREAT
BRITAIN, FRANCE, RUSSIA, CHINA, USA = VETO POWER
• SECURITY COUNCIL CAN SEND MILITARY FORCES TO
UPHOLD RESOLUTIONS OR MOVE AGAINST A NATION
ACTING IN DEFIANCE OF PEACE
PUTTING THE ENEMY ON TRIAL
• IN AUGUST, 1945, THE USA, BRITIAN, FRANCE, AND THE USSR
CREATED THE INTERNATIONAL MILITARY TRIBUNAL
• AT THE NUREMBERG TRIALS, THE IMT TRIED GERMAN
LEADERS FOR WAR CRIMES ‘CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY”
• MANY OF THESE LEADERS WERE EXECUTED
• SEVERAL JAPANESE LEADERS WERE ALSO TRIED AND
EXECUTED.
REFLECTION
• WHAT IS THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE BATTLE OF THE
HEDGEROWS?
• WHAT IS THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE BATTLE OF THE BULGE?
• WHO BECAME PRESIDENT AFTER THE DEATH OF FDR?
• WHY DID AMERICAN WAR PLANNERS WANT TO INVADE THE
ISLAND OF IWO JIMA?’
• WHY WAS NAPALM MORE EFFECTIVE THAN BOMBING WITH
HIGH EXPLOSIVES?
• WHAT IS THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE BATTLE OF OKINAWA?
• WHAT IS THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE MANHATTAN PROJECT?
• WHAT EVENTS FINALLY FORCED JAPAN TO SURRENDER?
• HOW WAS THE UNITED NATIONS DESIGNED TO PREVENT
ANOTHER GLOBAL WAR?
• WHAT IS THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE NUREMBURG TRIALS?