Transcript Barrington 220

Section 2: War in Africa and Europe
What was really tough about WWII was:
we were fighting 2 wars at once
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One in Europe
(against the
Germans and
Italians)
One in the Pacific
(against the
Japanese)
When the Japanese attacked
the U.S. had to get ready to fight right away.
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Any man 18-38 had to register for
military service.
The U.S. forces included
1,000,000 African Americans
300,000 Mexican Americans
300,000 women
51,438 Puerto Ricans
13,311 Chinese
20,080 Japanese
1,320 Hawaiians
19,567 American Indians
11,506 Filipinos
The first place the allies concentrated on:
Europe and Northern Africa
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Allies in Europe were
led by General
Eisenhower (9).
Winning back Africa
happened pretty quick.
Defeating Italy didn’t
take too long either
(Italy was mad at
Mussolini and put him
in jail).
The Germans were still fighting all over Europe –
including the Soviet Union, where…
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The Germans had endure the
horrible Russian winter and
were pushed back.
Hitler concentrated on the rest
of Europe, but that eventually
started to fall apart on him,
beginning when…
The propaganda message on this Russian
postcard is:
This is the living space that the German
soldier found at the Eastern Front. Six feet
under the soil and a birch cross on the
ground. Like a shroud the snow covers the
fallen, the wind whistles, the crows can "Kr-r-Kraut, Kraut." Hitler has lied to you,
German soldiers. He has promised you the
capture of Moscow but gave you maiming
and death. On Christmas Eve German
women weep for Hitler's victims. You, who
are left alive, finish with Hitler! Finish with
the war!
The Allies started a huge invasion of Europe –
starting on June 6th, 1944 (D-Day) (15)
(by the way – D in D-day doesn’t stand for anything – it’s a random army letter).
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This was the largest sea
invasion in history.
The Allies ended up
successfully attacking and
moving to Paris, but…
Total Allied casualties on
D-Day are estimated at
10,000, The US forces
lost 6603 men.
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Over 425,000 Allied and German troops were killed,
wounded or went missing during the Battle of Normandy.
This figure includes over 209,000 Allied casualties, with
nearly 37,000 dead amongst the ground forces and a
further 16,714 deaths amongst the Allied air forces. Of
the Allied casualties, 83,045 were from 21st Army Group
(British, Canadian and Polish ground forces), 125,847
from the US ground forces. The losses of the German
forces during the Battle of Normandy can only be
estimated. Roughly 200,000 German troops were killed
or wounded. The Allies also captured 200,000 prisoners
of war (not included in the 425,000 total, above). During
the fighting around the Falaise Pocket (August 1944)
alone, the Germans suffered losses of around 90,000,
including prisoners.
There was still more fighting and
many battles
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One of the last of
these battles was the
Battle of the Bulge
(19).
120,000 German
casualties
80,000 Americans
killed, captured, or
wounded.
The Germans
had some good skills at fighting wars.
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The Luftwaffe (extra
page in packets) was
one of the best air
forces in the world.
But these just weren't
enough
After more fighting…. By April,
1945, Hitler knew the end was near
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He was in his bunker in
Berlin (with his girlfriend
– Eva Braun).
They took cyanide, shot
themselves, and had his
men burn their bodies.
He didn’t want to be
captured alive and he
didn’t want the Allies
“showing off” his dead
body.
5 days later – Germany
surrendered (V-E Day).
This picture was taken on V-E Day (Victory in Europe)
When allied troops reached Berlin they made a horrifying
discovery – the victims of the Holocaust (30)
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Hitler
called this
plan his
“final
solution”
(32)
They eventually captured
some of the leaders of
this atrocity, put them on
trial and several were
executed.
The top picture is
from “Kristallnacht”
– extra page in
your packets
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High altitude
Freezing
Sulfanilamide
Twins
Poison
Tuberculosis
Phosgene
Bone, muscle, and
joint transplantation
Sterilization
Artificial insemination
Seawater