Transcript January 6th, 2017 - Spokane Public Schools

January 12th, 2017
Learning Target: I will be able to construct information surrounding the
development of the war so that I understand the outcome of the war
Literacy Target: To gain general and content specific knowledge
Opener: Reflect on your timeline from last Frida’s notesWhat was the last event before the war officially began?
WAR UPDATE
Newspaper Notes
Fill in as you see the
headlines (or similar) in
the presentation
Example:
WWII In Europe
The African Theatre
▪ 1942 British forces drive German and Italian forced out of Egypt and
pushed west
– General Dwight Eisenhower led the Allied invasion of North Africa (sound familiar?)
▪ 1943 American forced drive German forces out of Tunisia
– George S. Patton is put in command
▪ Africa is essentially secured for the Allies after this
The Pacific Theatre
▪ 1941 The US fails to defend the Philippines and the Japanese take it
– Bataan Death March
– 7,000 Americans and Filipino POWs killed
▪ Japan continues to advance quickly throughout the east
▪ The Doolittle Raid
– Minimal military gain
– Maximum morale gain
Triumph at Midway
▪ Japanese Admiral Yamamoto targets Midway, an American naval
base in the Pacific
– American forces knew this plan
▪ June 1942 Japan begins their attack
– Battle of Midway
▪ Turning point in the Pacific! America becomes the offensive
The European Theatre
▪ 1940, April-MayDenmark, Norway, the
Netherlands, Belgium
and Luxembourg fall to
Hitler
next….France
Fall of France
▪ Military experts
believed they
were prepared
– They weren’t..
– Why?
▪ Miracle of
Dunkirk
– Port left open
– 338,000 troops
escaped
Dunkirk
Battle for Britain
▪ Churchill ends appeasement
▪ 1940 Germany’s Operation Sea Lion Blitz England from the air
– Air Force Bases, houses, factories, churches, everything
– “The Blitz”
– Mass evacuations
▪ British perseverance
▪ Hitler calls it off indefinitely
U-Boats in the Atlantic
▪ German “Wolf Pack”
▪ Sank more than 3,500 merchant ships
▪ Killed tens of thousands of people
▪ Convoys protected Allied shipping
▪ Use of RADAR & invention of the ENIGMA machine
– Helped stop attacks before they started
Resistance in Stalingrad
▪ 1941 Germany attacks Leningrad and Stalingrad
– Killed and captured millions of soldiers and civilians
▪ BUT Soviet resistance and a brutal Russian winter stopped them
refocused on Stalingrad in the south
– Army was starving, sick, and suffering from frostbite
– Hitler refused retreat
▪ 1943 Germany surrendered!
– Turning point in the war!
Advancement in Italy
▪ Allies announce they will only accept unconditional surrender
▪ July 1943 British and American forces land in Sicily (Italy) and
advance across the island
▪ Sept. 1943 Italy surrenders to the Allies
– Declares war on Germany 5 weeks later
▪ Hitler rescues Mussolini and makes him head of a puppet state in
Northern Italy
▪ Hitler sends German forces to fight Allied forces in Southern Italy
Attacks on Germany
▪ Saturation Bombing
– Night air raids on German cities
– Maximum damage
▪ Strategic Bombing
– Day air raids on key political and industrial centers
– Damage to capacity to make war
The American Homefront
Responding to the Call
▪ 16 million Americans fought in WWII
▪ 1941-1942 Military Increase
– Army: 1.4 mill --> 3 mill
– Navy: 300,000 --> 600,000
– Marines: 54,000 -->150,000
▪ Minorities Enlist
–
–
–
–
300,000 Mexican Americans
25,000 Native Americans
~60,000 Japanese Americans
~1 mill African Americans
▪ Integrated units!
Women in War
▪ 1941 –Women's Army Corps (WAC) created
▪ Gave women war-time jobs in the Army
– Industrial truck drivers, lab technicians, clerical work, instructors
▪ 15,000 women served
– 600 received medals
▪ 57,000 nurses served in the US Army Corps
Mobilizing Industry
▪ 1941- War Production Board (WPB) was created
– Oversaw the transition from peacetime to wartime industry
– Ex: Ford stops producing cars and begins producing bombers
▪ The US made more wartime material than all the Axis nations
combined!
▪ BAILED THE U.S. OUT OF THE DEPRESSION
▪ The Braceros Program!!!
“To American production,
without which the
war would have been lost"
-Joseph Stalin in a toast
to the US
D-Day
D-Day
Hypothesize what the D in “D-Day” could stand for
Answer: Nothing. “D-Day” is a
military term that refers to any day
that a mission begins
D–DAY:
A final push
▪ June 6, 1944
▪ Operation Overlord
– A cross channel assault on occupied France
– Led by Eisenhower
▪ Hitler knew such an attack would be coming
– Orders construction of the Atlantic Wall
– 2,400 miles of fortifications along the Normandy coast
– Landmines, concrete bunkers, tank ditches, fixed guns and underwater
obstacles
▪ 175,000 Allied troops, 5,000 ships, 50,000 vehicles and 11,000 planes
Outcomes
▪ The wall had been breached in less than a day
▪ All 5 beach battlegrounds had been secured for the allies
▪ 10,000 Allied soldiers were killed in the attack
The Task
▪ Read and annotate the diaries from soldiers that experienced D-Day
▪ Consider the tone, what details they include and what seems most
important
▪ Then write your own D-Day Diary
– Rubric & Requirements
▪ 4 topics
▪ 8 sentences
Closure
1.
From the notes today, what have you found most interesting? Why?
▪ Self-Evaluation (1-4)
▪ “Today I learned…”