Transcript Cells are the basic

A WEE BIT
About CELLS….
Some stuff you
NEED to know…
The Cell Theory
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All living things are MADE up of cells!
Continued…
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Cells are the basic units of structure and
function of all living things!
Lastly…
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Cells come from pre-existing cells!
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Remember Redi?
Maggots Munching Meat
Cells are either:
PROKARYOTIC
EUKARYOTIC
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No Organelles
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Have Organelles
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No Nucleus
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Have a Nucleus
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Bacteria…
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Plants, Animals,
Fungi & Protists
Cells come in different Shapes
“Square”
“Rectangular”
“Circular”
“Odd…”
Cells come in different Sizes
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Smallest is bacteria
Largest is nerve
cell in giraffe’s
neck
Plant Cell Organelles
you NEED to KNOW!
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Cell Wall
Cell Membrane (aka Plasma Membrane)
Chloroplasts
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Ribosomes
Mitochondria
Vacuoles
Animal Cell Organelles
you NEED to KNOW
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Cell Membrane (Plasma Membrane)
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Ribosome
Mitochondria
Lysosome
Vacuoles
Centrioles
Plant Cell
Animal Cell
Nucleus
• Control Center of Cell
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The “Brain” of the cell
• Houses Chromosomes (genetic code) which
instruct all cell activities
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Instructions for STRANGER-C
• Surrounded by Nuclear Membrane
• Contains Nucleolus
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Which produces rRNA / Ribosomes
Cell Membrane
(aka Plasma Membrane)
• Surrounds Cytoplasm
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Found in EVERY cell!
• Controls what enters and leaves cell
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Has NO control over water, gases, glucose
• Made of a lipid bi-layer with proteins floating
in it and carbohydrate chains stuck on the
outside of it
Cytoplasm
• Jelly-like “goo” inside the cell membrane
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Found in EVERY cell!
• Cushions and protects other organelles
• Always moving (streaming) in order to move
materials around the cell
Ribosome
• Organelle responsible for protein synthesis
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Reads genetic code (RNA) to produce the type of protein
needed at that moment
Mitochondria
• “Powerhouse” of the cell
• Organelle responsible for cell respiration
(energy production)
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Changes glucose into ATP
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Mighty Mitochondria makes energy, Mighty Mitochondria
makes ATP
Vacuole
• Storage area
• Plant cells have one or two large vacuoles to
store water
• Animal cells have many small vacuoles to
store food, waste, water…
Chloroplast
• Organelle responsible for photosynthesis
• Found in plants in green algae
• Contain the pigment Chlorophyll
• Capture sunlight (solar energy) and store it in
the bonds of glucose
Cell Wall
• Non-living, protective barrier surrounding
plant cells
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Made of Cellulose (a sugar)
• Gives support and structure to plants
Lysosome
• Organelle filled with digestive chemicals
(enzymes)
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Destroys unwanted material
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“Lys” = “Destroy”
• Found only in Animal cells
Centriole
• Organelle which helps with cell division (cell
reproduction)
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The “Spider-man” of the cell
• Found only in Animal cells
As for the others…
• Ribosomes make ‘em
• ER takes ‘em
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ER=Endoplasmic Reticulum
• Golgi packs and stacks
• What is this referring to?????
A video to help you remember…
Cell Structure Video