Transcript plant
Important Tips:
Organelles-little organs
Structures that carry out a
certain function
Cytosol-liquid portion of
the cell
Mostly water
Many metabolic reactions
take place here
Contain macromolecules
Cytoplasm-portion of cell
outside the nucleus
Includes organelles and
cytosol
Nucleus
Brain of the cell
Houses the DNA (DNA has the instructions to make
protein and other molecules)
Nuclear envelope-surrounds the nucleus
Has pores to allow certain things to enter and leave
Nucleolus-small region in the nucleus
Makes ribosomes
What does it look like?
Large circle in the middle of the cell
Plant and animal
Ribosomes
Makes proteins
Orders to make proteins
come from the nucleus
Can be free floating in
cytoplasm or attached to
endoplasmic reticulum
What does it look like?
Dots
Plant and animal
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Rough ER-makes protein
due to ribosomes attached
Packages protein too
Looks like tubes with dots
on surface
Smooth ER-metabolizes
cholesterol; membrane
synthesis; detoxification;
stores calcium
No ribosomes attached
Looks like tubes
Plant and animal
Golgi apparatus
Where proteins go after
er
Modify, sort, and
package proteins and
other materials from er
for storage in cell or
secretion
What does it look like?
Pancake stacks
Plant and animal
Lysosomes
Contains enzymes
Digests proteins, lipids,
and carbohydrates
Digests useless
organelles
Enzymes come from the
golgi
What does it look like?
Small circles
Animal and some plants
Vacuoles
Storage compartments
Plants have a large
central vacuole
Vacuole fills up with
water and presses
against the cell wall
Creates a square shape and
rigid structure
Paramecium
Contractile vacuole
Pumps out excess water
Mitochondria
Powerhouse of cell
Creates cellular energy
through a process called
cellular respiration
Has its own DNA that
you inherit from your
mom
Looks like a jelly bean or
kidney bean
Plants and animals
Chloroplast
Only in plants
Filled with chlorophyll
(green pigment)
Carry out photosynthesis
What do they look like?
Watermelons
Have DNA
Cytoskeleton
Structures that provide
shape, support, and
movement
Microfilaments
Provide structure
Actin in muscles
Movement
Amoebas
Microtubules
Maintain cell shape
Help to separate
chromosomes in mitosis
Movement
Cilia and flagella
Peroxisomes
Filled with enzymes
Animals-Get rid of
toxic substances that
the cell produces (like
hydrogen peroxide
which builds up in the
liver) catalase here
Plants-convert fatty
acids to sugar and help
the chloroplasts
Cell Wall
Extra boundary around
the plant cell
Outside of membrane
Gives plant shape, rigid
structure, and protection
Questions
1. Plants/animals do not
3. Vacuole in plants
have chloroplasts
2. How is a cell like a
factory? Every organelle
has an important
function in the assembly
of molecules
allow the plant to
support structures likes
flowers and leaves
4. Mitochondria provide
the energy or power for
the cell in the form of
ATP.
6. E
7. B