Transcript The cell is like a town – each part (citizens, government, workers)

Cells
Who lives here? What jobs do they
have? How do they contribute to
Houston’s success?
• The cell is like a town – each part (citizens,
government, workers) must do their part in
order for the town to function. The cell is the
same way, all parts must function properly to
ensure the survival of the entire cell.
What is this? What does it do?
Nucleus
• Just as the brain is the control center of your
body, the nucleus is the control center of the
cell. The nucleus contains chromosomes
(genetic material)
What is the job of the fence?
Cell Membrane
– The cell membrane controls what enters/leaves
the cell
– selectively permeable membrane
– maintains homeostasis (stability)
What is the job of the jello?
Cytoplasm
• Just like the Jell-o holds the fruit together in
the bowl, the cytoplasm is a jellylike material
that fills the cell and acts like the glue that
holds all other organelles in place.
Why do you drink these?
Mitochondria
• Just like Red Bull and
Monster give you
energy, the mitochondria
provide the cell with
energy. Think of it like
this:
“mighty”-chondria; mighty = strong, you need
energy to get strong.
How does it do this? It transforms the stored energy
in food (glucose) into energy for the cell (ATP).
What is in these balloons?
Vacuole
- Just like the balloons are holding water, the
vacuole stores materials such as water or
nutrients and helps maintain the cells shape.
- Serves as temporary storage of materials like
water and carbohydrates.
*****The plant
has a large central
vacuole, the animal
cell only has tiny
vacuoles.****
What is the highway (or any road) used
for in a town?
Endoplasmic
Reticulum
• A.k.a. “ER”
• Connected to nuclear
membrane
• Transports materials
throughout the cell
• Rough ER: studded with
ribosomes; it makes
proteins
• Smooth ER: no
ribosomes; it makes
lipids
What type of food is packaged here
(that we break down into amino acids
Ribosome
• Site of protein synthesis
(AKA they make
proteins)
• Found attached to
rough ER or floating
free in cytoplasm
• Produced in a part of
the nucleus called the
nucleolus
Golgi Apparatus
• Looks like a stack of
plates
• Stores, modifies and
packages proteins
• Molecules transported
to and from the Golgi
by means of vesicles
What do both of these do?
Lysosomes
• Garbage disposal of
the cell
• Contain digestive
enzymes that break
down wastes
What is the function of the walls in
this house?
Cell Wall
The walls of a building
give it structure and
protection from the
outside elements.
The cell wall is located just ouside the cell
membrane and protects the plant cell, giving
it a rigid structure. (It is the thick green line
going all the way around the cell).
What is this guy doing?
Chloroplast
The fast food worker is making your food,
unlike humans, plants can make their own.
The chloroplast is the site of photosynthesis, it
is where plants produce their own food.
****Plants have this, animals do not.****