Transcript The Cell

The Cell
Background
Think of cells as colorful little
building blocks. Cells come
together to construct living things.
What is a cell?
A watery body
Contains chemicals
Holds lots of information
Humans have over 200 types of cells and
many billions of individual cells.
A weeping willow has about 20 types of cells.
All cells in an object contains the same basic
information.
Cell Theory
developed during the 1830’s
States:
“All living matter is made up
of one or more cells. Also, any
cell alive today had its origin in
a preexisting cell.”
Structure and Scale of
Molecules in the Cell
Foundation of functioning cells is the
atom.
Atoms bond together to form
molecules.
Molecules may link together to form
chains inside the cell.
Structure and Scale
(continued)
Proteins are the most numerous of
chain molecules.
Proteins are made up of amino acids
strung end to end.
Order of amino acids is determined by
DNA
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA is the genetic material
that is the blueprint for all
life.
Proteins formed carry on all
functions of life.
Parts of the Cell
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Golgi Complex
Mitochondria
Endoplasmic reticulum
Ribosomes
Lysosomes
Cell Membrane
Lets some things in
Keeps other things out
Like a game of Red Rover, Red Rover.
Cytoplasm
Liquid material outside the
nucleus where all the other
parts of the cell are found
and formed.
Nucleus
hold DNA
DNA decides whether you have blue or
brown eyes, etc.
Carries instructions that tell the cell how
to make protein molecules.
Golgi complex
Where molecules are finished and
packaged.
Secreting cells have very busy golgi
complexes.
Mitochondria
The engines of the cell.
They make stored energy
available.
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Where a lot of the chemical
activity takes place.
Ribosomes
Make proteins
Found on the outer part of
the endoplasmic reticulum
Lysosomes
Defend the cell from invaders.
Release enzymes to eat invading
bacteria.
Help break down the cell when it dies.
The Cell
Now you have a basic
understanding of the cell and
how is forms the foundation
for all life.