Transcript Biology 1st 9 Weeks Study Guide Answers

st
1
Nine Weeks Study
Guide
Standard 1 (Glassware,
Measurements, Instruments)
Magnification
power
Method of
Magnification
Types
Light
Microscope
Electron
Microscope
1500
500,000
Light
Electrons
Compound &
Dissecting
Scanning &
Transmission
Standard 1 (Glassware,
Measurements, Instruments)
2. a) meterstick or ruler
b) graduated cylinder
c) triple beam balance
d) thermometer
3. kilo-1000,
milli-0.001
4. to communicate
internationally/universally
5. Graduated Cylinder
Standard 2 (Cells)
6. How do particles
move in diffusion
based on
concentation?

From an area of high to
low concentration
7. The diffusion of
water across a
selectively
permeable
membrane is called
what?
Osmosis
Standard 2 (Cells)
8. What are the 3 forms of passive
transport?
• Simple & Facilitated Diffusion, Osmosis
9. What cell structure regulates what enters
and leaves the cell?
What does it maintain?
• Plasma membrane
• Homeostasis
Standard 2 (Cells)
- Requires energy
- particles move
from an area of low
concentration to high
concentration
Types of
transport
10.
- Doesn’t require energy
- particles move from an
area of high concentration
to low concentration
Standard 2 (Cells)
11. What are the two types of
endocytosis?
•
Phagocytosis & Pinocytosis
12. What is the picture to the right
an example of?
Facilitated diffusion
Standard 2 (Cells)
13. Explain a hypertonic solution in
terms of where the solute is.
•
Higher concentration of solute on OUTSIDE of the cell,
causing the cell to SHRINK. (salt sucks the water out)
Standard 2 (Cells)
14. Explain a hypotonic solution in terms of
where the solute is.
Higher concentration of solute on INSIDE of the cell,
causing the cell to BURST. (salt sucks the water IN)
15. Explain an isotonic solution in terms of
water movement.
•
Concentration of solute is the SAME inside and outside
of the cell, (salt sucks the water both IN & OUT) .
Standard 2 (Cells)
16. Explain a hypertonic solution in
terms of water movement & draw a
picture.
H2 0
Out
Cell
Shrinks
17. Explain a hypotonic solution in
terms of water movement & draw a
picture.
H2 0
In
Cell Swells
Standard 2 (Cells)
18. If a cell is placed in a hypertonic
solution, where does water go and
what is this movement called?
•
Out of the cell; osmosis
Standard 2 (Cells)
19. What happens in facilitated
diffusion?
•
Small particles move from an area of high
concentration to an area of low concentration using a
transport protein.
Standard 4 (Cell Organelles)
20. Where does protein synthesis occur?
•
Ribosomes
21. What is the function of the chloroplast?
•
Make food for the cell, turn plants green
22. What does the vacuole store?
•
Food, water, or waste
Standard 4 (Cell Organelles)
23. Compare and contrast a
prokaryote and eukaryote in terms
of:
• a) genetic material location

In the eukaryotic cell the genetic material is in the
nucleus, in the prokaryotic cell the genetic material
is suspended in the cytoplasm in the nucleoid
region.
• b) types of organelles present.

The only organelles present in the prokaryotic cell
are ribosomes, cell membrane, and cell wall. The
eukaryotic cell has all organelles present.
Standard 4 (Cell Organelles)
24. What are cilia?
•
little hairs that aid in locomotion.
25. What are three structures found only in animal
cells?
•
Centrioles/centrosomes, cilia, flagella
26. What are three structures found only in plant
cells?
•
chloroplast, large central vacuole, cell wall
27. What organelle is nicknamed the “powerhouse”
of the cell?
•
Mitochondria
28. What are all living things made up of?
•
Cells
Standard 4 (Cell Organelles)
29. What 3 things make up a plasma
membrane?
Phospholipids, cholesterol, & transport proteins
30. What is an example of a eukaryotic cell?
Animal or plant cells
31. What is an example of a prokaryotic
cell?
Bacterial cell
32. Name two types of cells that have a cell
wall.
Plant cell, bacterial cell
Standard 4 (Cell Organelles)
33. Which structure in the figure is
the control center?
I
34. Which structure in the figure
maintains homeostasis? D
35. Which structure is responsible
for chemical reactions? L
36. Which structure in the figure
transforms energy? K
37. Which structure in the figure
sorts and transports? G
38. Which parts in the figure are
in a prokaryotic cell?
D,(membrane)
H(cytoplasm),
M(ribosome)
Standard 5 (Levels of Organization)
39. Define an organism and give an
example of one.
• Anything that possesses all of the
characteristics of life. A person.
Standard 5 (Levels of Organization)
Atoms
Cells
Organism
Molecule
Tissues
Population
Organs
Community
Organelle
Organ System
Ecosystem
Organism
Biosphere