Transcript Cell Organelles

Cell Structure
& Function
http://koning.ecsu.ctstateu.edu/cell/cell.html
Cell Theory
All living things are made up of cells.
Cells are the smallest working units of all
living things.
All cells come from preexisting cells
through cell division.
Definition of Cell
A Cell is the smallest unit that is
capable of performing life
functions.
Examples of Cells
Amoeba Proteus
Plant Stem
Bacteria
Red Blood Cell
Nerve Cell
Two Types of Cells
Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic
Prokaryotic Cells
Do not have
structures
surrounded by
membranes
Few internal
structures
One-celled
organisms,
Bacteria
http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/prokaryotic_cells.html
Eukaryotic Cells
Contain organelles surrounded by membranes
Most living organisms
Plant
http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/eukaryotic_cells.html
Animal
“Typical” Animal Cell
http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/images/cell.gif
“Typical” Plant Cell
http://waynesword.palomar.edu/images/plant3.gif
Cell Organelles
Cell Organelles
Organelle=
“little organ”
Found inside
eukaryotic
cells ONLY
Cell Membrane
Double layered boundary of the cell
Outer membrane of cell that:

holds the cell together
 controls movement in and out of the
cell
Found in both Plant and Animal Cells
Key Term:
Semi-permeable
Acts like a filter or screen
- some things pass through,
others cannot
Cell Wall
Found in Plant and
Bacterial cells
Rigid, protective
barrier
Located outside of the
cell membrane
Cytoplasm
Gel-like fluid that fills the cell
Surrounded by cell membrane
Constantly moving around the cell
Contains all of the cell’s organelles
Nucleus
Control Center of the Cell
Contains DNA
The easiest organelle to
see under a microscope
Usually one per cell
Mitochondria
“Powerhouse of the cell”
Makes Energy for the
cell through the process
of Cellular Respiration
Has its own type of
DNA
Chloroplast
Found only in plant
cells
Contains the green
pigment chlorophyll
The place where
Photosynthesis is
performed.
Site of food/sugar
(glucose) production
Vacuoles
Large central vacuole
usually in plant cells
Many smaller
vacuoles in animal
cells
Storage container for
water, food, enzymes,
wastes, pigments, etc.
Endoplasmic
Reticulum
A.k.a. “ER”
Transports materials
throughout the cell
“Highway of the cell”
2 Types:


Rough ER: studded
with ribosomes; it
makes proteins
Smooth ER: does not
have ribosomes
Quick Review
Which organelle is the control center of the cell?
Which organelle holds the cell together?
Which organelles are not found in animal cells?
Which organelle helps plant cells make food?
What does E.R. stand for?
Enjoy these photos and diagrams of the
cell organelles!
This bacteria cell has no membrane-bound nucleus but has a CELL WALL
ER!
…the Cell Wall
The green bubbles are the Chloroplasts filled with Chlorophyll
Mitochondria!
The nucleus with other structures…