Transcript Ch. 4: Plant and Animal Cells

Ch. 4: Plant and Animal Cells
Vocabulary:
cell, organism, cell membrane, cytoplasm,
nucleus, cell wall, chloroplast
Cells!
• When you look at a tiny kitten and a gigantic
redwood tree, they might not seem like they
have a lot in common at first, until you realize
that both of them are made up of cells.
Discovering Cells
• In 1665, a scientist named
Robert Hooke used a
microscope to look at a thin
strip of cork.
• He was amazed to see that
the cork was made up of
sections that he said looked
like “tiny empty rooms.”
• He called these “tiny
rooms” cells.
• Today, we know that all
organisms are made of cells,
and we also know that those
cells are not empty.
Cell Parts
• Plant cells and animal cells pretty much have
the same parts, with a few differences.
• All cells in both plants and animals have a cell
membrane, cytoplasm, and a nucleus.
Cell Parts
• That is not to say that cells are simple, just that they both have
some similar parts.
Cell Parts
• The major differences that need to be noted between the two
cells, right now, are that plant cells have both a cell wall and
chloroplasts.
Cell Parts
• Cell Membrane:
It is located on the outside of the cell.
It protects the other organelles from other cells
and everything else in the outside world.
Acts kind of like skin, except in most simple
cells, water and food can pass through it.
Cell Parts
• Cytoplasm:
The thick, gel like liquid inside a cell.
Mostly made of water.
Keeps the cell thick and puffy.
Protects the other organelles inside the cell
from bumping into each other and things in the
outside world.
Cell Parts
• Nucleus:
Controls all the cells activities.
Not exactly like the brain of the cell, but sort
of the boss.
Contains the DNA of the cell and is used when
the cell reproduces.
Special Plant Cell Parts
• Chloroplasts:
Green organelles located inside the cell.
They contain chlorophyll.
Chlorophyll is the stuff that allows plant cells
to turn light and carbon dioxide into energy
(sugars).
Special Plant Cell Parts
• Cell Wall:
Located on the outside of the plant cell, even
outside the cell membrane.
Thick and stiff, it acts like the skeleton of the
plant.
It’s what causes flowers and other plants,
without bark, to be able to stand up by
themselves without bones.
Special Animal Cells
• Unlike plant cells, which look mostly alike,
animal cells look different based on the jobs
that they do.
• These
different
cells all
make up the
stomach.
Questions about Chapter 4
1.
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3.
4.
5.
6.
Why did Hooke call the things he found “cells?”
What are the three parts that all cells have?
What are the two parts that only plant cells have?
What is the job of chlorophyll?
Why is the nucleus of the cell important?
Both the cell membrane and the cytoplasm protect
the cell’s organelles differently. How do they work
together?