Cell Introduction Powerpoint
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Transcript Cell Introduction Powerpoint
Biology 30 - Unit 2
Cells
Cells An Introduction
Animal Cell
Cells Alive – Interactive Cell
http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/cell_model.ht
m
Plant Cell
Cells Alive – Interactive Plant Cell
http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/cell_model.ht
m
Similarities and Differences
Refer back to the diagram of a plant and
an animal cell in your duotang.
Compare and Contrast:
Cell Info
Cells are made of:
90% Water
10% (includes 50% Protein, 15% CHO, 15%
Nucleic Acid, 10% Lipid, 10% other)
Cell Info Continued . . .
The Elements of a Cell:
60% Hydrogen
25% Oxygen
10% Carbon
5% Nitrogen
What’s in a Gene??
GENOME SIZE: stated as the total
number of base pairs
the human genome = 3 billion base pairs
Each DNA Molecule contains many genes (the
basic physical and functional unit of heredity).
a gene is a sequence of nucleotides bases, who
carry the info required for constructing proteins,
which carry the structural components of cells,
tissue, and enzymes.
The Human Genome has about one
hundred thousand genes.
human genes vary in length
(average size = thousands of bases)
humans can synthesize approx. 100 000 different kinds
of proteins
THE GENETIC CODE: is a series of codons that specify
which amino acids are required to make up specific
proteins.
the three billion base pairs are organized into 23 units
called chromosomes (1 set of chromosomes comes
from each parent - Total of 46 chromosomes)
Chromosomal DNA contains an average of 150 million
bases
Cell History
Please refer to the cell history handout in
your duotang.
Types of Cells
Eukaryotic vs Prokaryotic
Eukaryotic
are larger and more
Cellupedia
complex
Different Types of Cells
have a nuclear
- Eukaryotic Cells
membrane
- Examples
have membrane bound
organelles (where
isolated biochemical
reactions occur)
DNA more complex
Examples: Plant and
Animal cells
Eukaryotic vs Prokaryotic
Prokaryotic
smaller simpler
lack nuclear membrane
have no membrane bound
organelles
oldest known forms of life
hereditary info is spread
throughout the nucleus
reactions occur on the inner
membranes
Example: Bacteria, Blue-green
Algae
University of
Arizona Prokaryotic
Tutorial Info
Cellupedia
Prokaryotic
Images
Overview of Cell Structure
Cells vary in shape, size and function
Cell Parts:
Basic cell parts include:
Cell Membrane:
phospholipid bilayer;
function - to hold all contents
in place and regulate the
movement of molecules in and
out of the cell;
receptor sites located in the
membrane control what enters
Cell Parts
Cytoplasm:
nutrients are absorbed,
transported and processed;
wastes will accumulate
here;
Nucleus:
cell’s control centre
all info is encoded in the
DNA
Video of Animal Cells
http://www.howe.k12.ok.us/~jimaskew/bvid4a.mov
Video of Plant Cells
http://www.howe.k12.ok.us/~jimaskew/bvid4b.mov
Review Site:
http://www.howe.k12.ok.us/~jimaskew/unit4.htm
Cell Structure Handout:
You will create a handout that highlights
the following parts of the cell.
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum, Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum, Ribosomes,
Chloroplasts, Microtubules (Microfilaments, Cytoskeleton), Mitochondria,
Golgi Apparatus, Lysosome, Centriole, Vacuole, Cell Wall, etc.
Use the websites listed online to help you
out
Biology in the Classroom: Cells: Cell parts
http://wblrd.sk.ca/~bio2030sp/bio30/unit2/plantandanimalcells/page1.
htm