Transcript L.14.3 Cell Structure and Function Module

Cell Structure and
Function
SC.912.L.14.3
Compare and contrast
the general structures
of plant and animal
cells. Compare and
contrast the general
structures of
prokaryotic and
eukaryotic cells.
What do I need to know?
 How to compare and/or contrast
the structures found in
prokaryotic cells and in
eukaryotic cells.
 How to compare and/or contrast
the structures found in plant
cells and in animal cells.
 Explain the role of the cell
membrane during active and
passive transport.
Prokaryotic Cells vs
Eukaryotic Cells
All cells have three things
in common: A cell
membrane, cytoplasm
and DNA
Prokaryotic cells lack a
nucleus and membranebound organelles. They
tend to be smaller and
more simplistic.
Eukaryotic cells have a
nucleus and membranebound organelles. They
tend to be larger and
more complex.
Source: http://img.docstoccdn.com/thumb/orig/125817436.png
Prokaryotic Cells vs
Eukaryotic Cells
Guiding Questions:
What are the similarities
and differences between
prokaryotic and
eukaryotic cells?
What are the structures
that make up the
eukaryotic cell? What
function do each of
theses structures provide
to the cell?
Video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Z9pqST72is
Plant Cells vs Animal Cells
Animal Cell
Centrioles
Plant Cell
Eukaryotic
Nucleus
Ribosomes
Mitochondria
Golgi Apparatus
Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
Chloroplast
Cell Wall
Large Central Vacuole
Plant Cells vs Animal Cells
Source::https://sites.google.com/site/tabraham4/plantvsa
nimalcell.jpg
Plant Cells vs Animal Cells
1) Guiding Questions:
What structures do
plant and animal cells
have in common?
2) What structures
differ between plant
and animal cells?
The Cell Membrane
The cell membrane is a
thin flexible layer that
surrounds the cell, that
is made up of a double
layer of lipids and
imbedded proteins.
The cell membrane is
selectively permeable
and functions to control
what enters and leaves
the cell.
Source:https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9c/Cell_membrane_d
etailed_diagram_edit2.svg/2022pxcell_membrane_detailed_diagram_edit2.svg.png
The Cell Membrane
Guiding Questions:
1) What are the
components that make up
the cell membrane?
2) How do large and small
molecules differ in their
crossing of the cell
membrane?
3) How do charged and
uncharged molecules differ
in their crossing of the cell
membrane?
Video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S7CJ7xZOjm0
Cell Transport
There are two types of cellular
transport: Active transport and
Passive transport.
Active transport requires the input
of cellular energy and moves
particles from a low concentration
(hypotonic solution) to a high
concentration (hypertonic
solution). Examples include
protein pumps, endocytosis and
exocytosis
Passive transport does not use
cellular energy and moves
particles from a high
Source: http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Biology/imgbio/actran2.gif
concentration (hypertonic
solution) to a low concentration
(hypotonic solution). Examples
include diffusion, osmosis and
facilitated diffusion.
Cell Transport
Guiding Questions:
1) How does passive
transport and active
transport differ in regards to
energy usage and direction
they move particle?
2) What are different
examples of passive
transport and active
transport?
3) How do the different
types of passive transport
and active transport move
molecules across the
membrane?
Video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RPAZvs4hvGA
Show What You Know
 There are some similarities between
prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Which of the following structures is
found in both prokaryotic and
eukaryotic cells?
a. Lysosome
b. mitochondrion
c. nucleus
d. ribosome
Show What You Know
 Eukaryotic cells are differentiated
from prokaryotic cells because
eukaryotic cells:
a. Are much smaller.
b. Have a nuclei.
c. Have a higher rate of reproduction.
d. Have permeable membranes
Show What You Know
 What structure is found in plant cells
to give it structure and extra
protection but is not found in animal
cells?
a. Chloroplast
b. Mitochondria
c. Endoplasmic reticulum
d. Cell wall
Show What You Know
 Scientists decide whether an
organism is a plant or animal
primarily based on?
a. How it obtains its food or energy.
b. How it is able to reproduce.
c. Whether it its mobile or not.
d. Whether it is multicellular or
unicellular
Show What You Know
 Which of the following are found in
prokaryotes but not in eukaryotes?
a. DNA
b. Nuclear membranes
c. None of these.
d. Cell walls.